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INDIRECT OBJECT AND SUBJECT COMPLEMENT

LINGUISTICS

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INDIRECT OBJECT AND SUBJECT COMPLEMENT

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  1. 2) Indirect Object: Sometimes sentences with direct objects also have an indirect object, actually they must have a direct object: The boy gave Sarah the toy. Sarah gave her doll a hug. An indirect object is a noun or pronoun that names the person or thing something is done to or for. To identify the indirect object of a sentence, first be sure there is a direct object,because direct objects can stand alone in a sentence,but indirect objects can’t. Then ask to whom or to what? or for whom or what?: • Q. Gave what? • A. toy (D.O) • Q. To whom? • A. Sarah (I.O) • Q. Gave what? • A. hug(D.O) • Q. To what? • A. doll(I.O)

  2. Indirectobjects are placed betweentheverb and thedirectobject. • Checkthis: • Thewomangavethebeggar a coin. • Theones in red are theverb and thedirectobject, whiletheone in yellowrepresentstheindirectobject.

  3. Theboysentme a present. • Mymomshowedthemthe new plan. • He boughthisson a bike. • As you can observe thesesentencescontainboth,D.O and I.O. wheretheI.O’sare: • “Me,them.son” which are bothpronouns,andbecome in therecipients of thevebs, and answerthequestions “towhomorforwhom”. • Let’s try withthesesentences. • Thepeopleofferedthepoorssomehelp. • Whichisthe I.O in thissentence? • “poors” isthecorrectanswer, becauseitis a pronoun, itisbetweentheverb and thedirectobject and itanswerthequestionto “whom.”

  4. NOW, TRY TO WRITE A SENTENCE CONTAINING A D.O • THEN ADD AN I.O TO IT. • How do youknowifyouhavewritten a directobject in yoursentence? • Ifyou can ask “whatorwho” in thesentence. • How do youknowifyouhavewrittenanindirectobject in yoursentence? • Ifyou can ask “towhatortowhom” in thesentence.

  5. 3) Object Complement  An object complement modifies or renames an object,an object complement is a noun, a pronoun, or an adjective which follows a direct object to rename it or state what it has become. The class elected Stanley president. I called Wayne an egghead. She chose Jhon the winner of the contest. The three sentences are renaming the objects. Try with these sentences: Monique became a model. Which is the object complement? Model is correct ,because it renames the object “Monique”

  6. The new teachercalledeverybodyintelligent . • Whichisthetheobjectcomplement? • “Intelligent” iscorrect,becauseitrenamestheword “everybody” bysayingthattheywereintelligents. • Weallconsiderherunworthy. • Whichistheobjectcomplement? • “Unworthy” iscorrect, becauseitrenamestheobject “her” bysayingsheisunworthy. • Theynamedtheboy Christopher. • Whichistheobjectcomplement? NOW, CAN YOU WRITE YOUR OWN EXAMPLE?

  7. SUBJECT COMPLEMENTS 4) Predicate Nominative A predicate nominative renames the subject of a linking verb. The third sentence at the beginning of the lesson could be completed with a predicate nominative: They were experts. Mr. Wilson is my history professor. They were …??

  8. The new doctor ismymom. • The coach isCesia’sfather. • Bothsentenceshave a predicatenominative, because are renamingtheobjectbyusinglinkingverbs.

  9. Maybeobjectcomplements and predicatenominative are veryalike, but do notgetconfused, anobjectcomplementisafter a directobject and a predicatenominativeisafterthelinkingverb. • Anotherdifferenceisthat LINKING VERBS DO NOT HAVE A DIRECT OBJECT. • The coach isCesia’sfather. • Thissentencedoesn’thavedirectobject,becauseitiswrittenusing a linkingverbnot a transitiveverb. • Try toguess. • He appearedconfusedwiththepresentation. • whichisthepredicatenominative? • “Confused” iscorrect, becauseitrenamesanobject, itisusing a linkingverb and itdoesn’tcontaindirectobject in thesentence.

  10. 5) Predicate Adjective A predicate adjective modifies the subject of a linking verb. The sentence above could also be completed with a predicate adjective. They were hilarious. Your outfit looks terrific! • As you can see, thesesentencescontainpredicateadjectivesbeingthemodifiers of theobjects.

  11. Having predicate adjectives means that we can describe subjects without putting the adjectives before him. • Instead of having to say, “The good boy” followed by a verb, we can simply say, “the boy is good. • In this sentence, we can identify that “the boy” is the subject, “is” is the linking verb, and “good” is the predicate adjective. • “Good” effectively renames the subject of the sentence.  • Let’s try: • Grapes become shriveled in the sun. • Which is the predicate adjective? • “Srhiveled” is correct, because it renames the object, it is after the linking verb and it is an adjective saying something about the object.

  12. Elizabeth ishungry. • Whichisthepredicateadjective? • “hungry” iscorrect,because it renames the object, it is after the linking verb and it is an adjective saying something about the object. • You seem tired today. • Which is the predicate adjective? CAN YOU WRITE YOUR OWN EXAMPLES OF PREDICATE NOMINATIVE AND ADJECTIVE?

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