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Venu Govindaraju University at Buffalo govind@buffalo

Venu Govindaraju University at Buffalo govind@buffalo.edu. Current Research Activities at CUBS. Mainstream Research Biometric Identification Fingerprint Verification Hand Geometry Signature Verification Speaker Recognition Multimodal Biometrics Classifier Combination Information Fusion

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Venu Govindaraju University at Buffalo govind@buffalo

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  1. Venu Govindaraju University at Buffalo govind@buffalo.edu

  2. Current Research Activities at CUBS Mainstream Research • Biometric Identification • Fingerprint Verification • Hand Geometry • Signature Verification • Speaker Recognition • Multimodal Biometrics • Classifier Combination • Information Fusion • Storage of Biometric Data • 2D barcodes • Smart cards • Materials and Light Sources • Analog VLSI and Optical Detectors Exploratory Research • Large Scale Biometric Databases • Indexing and binning • Soft biometrics • Securing Biometric Data • Template hiding • Cancelable biometrics • Personal Hashes • Biometric Hardening • Novel Applications of Biometrics • Pervasive Computing • Information assurance • Biometric Encryption • Chemical/Biological Biometrics • Skin spectroscopy • Perspiration/odor

  3. Fingerprints Sharat Chikkerur Chaohang Wu Alan Tjea {ssc5,cwu3,tjea}@cedar.buffalo.edu Hand Geometry Amit Mhatre {ajmhatre}@cedar.buffalo.edu Face Catalog Zhi Zhang Karthik Sridharan Sankalp Nayak {zhizhang,ks236,snayak}@buffalo.edu Speech Accent Shamalee Deshpande {snd3}@cedar.buffalo.edu Biometric Hardening Sharat Chikkerur Amit Mhatre Large scale Databases Sharat Chikkerur Amit Mhatre Praveer Mansukhani Skin biometrics Sarojini Ramakrishnan {sr63}@cedar.buffalo.edu Biometric Hashing Sergey Tulyakov Faisal Farooq {tulyakov}@cedar.buffalo.edu Teams • Speaker ID • Face Recognition • Palmprint • Skin biometrics • Multimodal Biometrics • Barcode representation • Pervasive Computing • Information Assurance • Biometric Cryptography • YOU!!

  4. Faculty Collaboration Biometric Authentication (Pattern Recognition & Analysis) Govindaraju Light Sources (Materials Development & Characterization) Packaged Device Analog VLSI (Smart Systems) Titus Cartwright Sensors (Materials Development & Characterization) Bright & Cartwright

  5. Intellectual Resources • Faculty • Interdisciplinary Faculty Collaboration • School of Engineering and Applied Sciences • Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering • Dept. of Electrical Engineering • UB School of Arts and Sciences • Dept. of Chemistry • UB Law School • UB School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences • UB School of Informatics • Research Scientists • Four full time research scientists • Students • One Post-doc • Ten Ph.D. students • Five M.S. students

  6. Material Resources • Hardware • Hand Geometry • Recognition Systems:Hand Geometry • Prototype acquisition and verification • Fingerprint • UltrascanTM ultrasound sensor • E-PadTM capacitive sensor • U.R.UTM optical sensor • Signature • E-PadTM digitizer • Logitech digital pen • Infrastructure • 6,000 sq. ft of office space shared with CEDAR. • Solaris and Intel Computers • Funding • More than 1M dollars in current grants

  7. Industrial Collaboration • Handwriting Recognition • INS Forms processing • Biometric Fusion • ‘Accuscript’ : Pen stroke dynamics • Hand Geometry • Indexing and binning • Face recognition • Soft biometrics

  8. Industrial Collaboration Unified Data Systems for Medical Rehabilitation • Disease surveillance • Medical Form processing • AFIS Implementation • Multi modal biometrics INHOUSE TRAINING IRELAND • Biometrics enabled smart cards • Biometrics awareness training

  9. Biometrics • Definition • Biometrics is the science of verifying and establishing the identity of an individual through physiological features or behavioral traits • Examples • Physical Biometrics • Fingerprint, Hand Geometry,Iris,Face • Measurement Biometric • Dependent on environment/interaction • Behavioral Biometrics • Handwriting, Signature, Speech, Gait • Performance/Temporal biometric • Dependent on state of mind • Chemical Biometrics • DNA, blood-glucose

  10. Conventional Security Measures • Possession or Token Based • Passport, IDs, Keys • License ,Smart cards,Swipe cards, Credit Cards • Knowledge Based • Username/password • PIN • Combination of possession and knowledge • ATM • Disadvantages of Conventional Measures • Do not authenticate the user • Tokens can be lost or misused • Passwords can be forgotten • Multiple tokens and passwords difficult to manage • Repudiation

  11. Need for biometrics • Reliable authentication and authorization • Billions of dollars are lost in identity theft and fraud • Common security measures authenticate the token or password and not the user. • Repudiation problems cannot be resolved even in the face of well documented audit trails. • Identity management • Managing multiple tokens, badges, usernames and passwords are cumbersome • Maintaining such personally • Biometrics cannot be lost, forgotten or stolen*

  12. Characteristics of Biometrics • Universality • Each person should have the biometric • Uniqueness • Any two persons should have distinctive characteristics • Permanence • Characteristic should be invariant over time • Collectability • Characteristic should be easy to acquire • Acceptability • Is non-intrusive and accepted by a large population • Non repudiation • User cannot deny having accessed the system

  13. The Field of Biometrics • Biometrics grew out of different fields • Speaker ID : Signal processing • Face Recognition: Computer Vision • Fingerprints : Forensics • Biometrics is the confluence of several disciplines • Sensors: electrical and mechanical engineering • Pattern recognition, probability and statistics • Image processing and computer vision • Signal processing • Algorithms and databases

  14. Uses of Biometric Systems • Physical access control • Airports, Banks, Industry • Logical access control • Computer/network logon, e-commerce • Preventing identity fraud • Social security (double dipping), Immigration, Border Control • Information assurance • Audit trails, Biometric cryptography protocols • Securing pervasive environments

  15. Aspects of a Biometric Systems • Sensor and devices • Types of sensors • Electrical and mechanical design • Feature representation and matching • Enhancement, preprocessing • Developing invariant representations • Developing matching algorithms • Evaluation • Testing • System Issues • Large Scale databases • Securing Biometric Systems • Ethical, Legal and Privacy Issues • Ergonomics, usability

  16. Technologies Horizontal Applications Key Vertical Markets Fingerprint Civil ID Government Sector Facial Recognition Surveillance and Screening Travel and Transportation Iris Scan PC / Network Access Financial Sector Middleware Retail / ATM / Point of Sale Health Care AFIS Criminal ID Law Enforcement Voice Scan eCommerce / Telephony Hand Geometry Physical Access / Time and Attendance Signature Verification Keystroke Dynamics Applications And Scope of Biometrics

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