Improving Patient Safety and Healthcare Quality in the 21st Century

1. Improving Patient Safety and Healthcare Quality in the 21st Century — Competencies Required of Future Medical Laboratory Science Practitioners - Redefining Patient Safety in the Clinical Laboratory Written by; Susan Morris, MPH, MLS (ASCP) Catherine N. Otto, PhD, MLS (ASCP), SH (ASCP), DLM (ASCP) Karen Golemboski, Ph.D., MLS(ASCP) Presented by: Erik Benedikt M. Polinar BMLS -1B 1

2. Health Care Quality Insurance Quality Improvement INDEX Terms Medical Laboratory Education Medical Laboratory Science 2

3. LEARNING OBJECTIVES DESCRIBE IDENTIFY DESCRIBE IDENTIFY the IOM competencies practitioners need in order to deliver quality healthcare methods to integrate evidence-based medicine for improving healthcare safety into the MLS curricula exercises to employ in MLS curricula to develop problem-solving skills required for participation in quality improvement projects key aspects of delivering patient-centered care to include in MLS curricula 3

4. IOM MLS POC MLT NAACLS RN Institute of Medicine Medical Laboratory Science ABBREVIATIONS Medical Laboratory Technician National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Sciences Point of Care Registered Nurse 4

5. CONTENTS IOM QUALITY AIMS CONCLUSION 05 04 01 02 03 REFERENCES INTRODUCTION COMPETENCIES 5

6. INTRODUCTION • Patients continue to be unintentionally harmed at alarming rates by the disconnected healthcare services that are intended to help them. • Currently, all health professionals, including medical laboratory professionals, are insufficiently prepared during their clinical training to master these competencies necessary to achieve quality healthcare. • The IOM quality aims and core competencies needs to be integrated into MLS and MLT curricula to prepare future medical laboratory science practitioners to competently evaluate and improve medical laboratory services. 6

7. IOM QUALITY AIMS AIM 4 TIMELY HEALTHCARE AIM 6 EQUITABLE HEALTHCARE AIM 2 EFFECTIVE HEALTHCARE AIM 1 SAFE HEALTHCARE AIM 5 EFFICIENT HEALTHCARE AIM 3 PATIENT-CENTERED HEALTHCARE 7

8. SAFE HEALTHCARE • It is the domain that is most likely to be included in the Medical Laboratory Science curricula. • In most cases, it is only limited to aspects of patient identification and analytic accuracy, which directly impacts patient care. • It will provide a valuable foundation for developing quality improvement programs in the future work settings of the medical laboratory science students. • It will develop the students’ skills in evaluating literature, examining quality improvement data, and making recommendations for improvements; which are necessary to practice evidence-based medicine. 8

9. EFFECTIVE HEALTHCARE • Improving the effectiveness of laboratory testing is vital, particularly as newer tests are added to the laboratory test menu and healthcare costs increase. • Its primary focus is to decrease the overuse, underuse and misuse of laboratory testing. • It calls for the need to prepare MLS students to participate in the evaluation of testing protocols and practice guidelines though the MLS curricula. • It aims to prepare Medical Laboratory Science graduates to practice evidence-based medicine and work in interdisciplinary teams through enhancin their critical thinking skills. 9

10. PATIENT-CENTERED HEALTHCARE • It aims to design laboratory services in ways that respect and optimize the experience of care for the patients and their families. • It would generate significant developmental opportunities for future medical laboratory practitioners. • It calls for the need of a new relationship of shared decision-making between patients and healthcare providers. • It necessitates laboratory professionals to interact with patients and families, listen to their concerns, and answer their questions. 10

11. TIMELY HEALTHCARE • It necessitates MLS and MLT curricula to include discussions of meaningful opportunities to improve the timeliness of laboratory services. • It aims to allow students to discover the consequences of untimely laboratory testing services on patient outcomes. • It emphasizes that students should understand that laboratory testing protocols that consumes lesser time in its completion and delivery have significant impacts on patient care. 11

12. EFFICIENT HEALTHCARE • It imposes that emphasis should be placed on the impact of laboratory services on the efficiency of patient care. • It aims to address the inefficiencies that impact other healthcare providers, which can delay subsequent care intended for the patient. • It necessitates laboratory management curriculum to address the impact of enhancing the efficiency of laboratory testing services. • It intends to prepare medical laboratory science practitioners to examine and improve the total testing process from the perspective of the patient. 12

13. EQUITABLE healthcare • It aims improve the equity of laboratory testing services by providing educational and consultative services for patients. • It suggests that services may be delivered equitably by providing educational materials in the appropriate language and reading level and offering translation services to patients. • It emphasizes the significance of including communication and assessment of patient understanding in the Medical Laboratory Science curriculum to promote patient-centered care. 13

14. FIVE ESSENTIAL COMPETENCIES FOR FUTURE PRACTITIONERS EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INTERDISCIPLINARY TEAM QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PATIENT-CENTERED CARE 14

15. Developing Competence in Practicing Evidence-based Medicine DEVELOP SHARE PROPOSE CREATE Students need to develop skills in the use and application of evidence-based medicine. The students should share and interpret the latest research findings for potential incorporation into an organizational protocol. Students could also propose testing protocols and participate in research activities where possible. Scenarios should be created to practice participation on an interdisciplinary team. 15

16. Developing Competence in Employing Quality Improvement Methodologies IDENTIFY ANALYZE TEACH UNDERSTAND Process quality measures help to identify processes which negatively impact the quality and safety of healthcare. Laboratory professionals need to understand the basic principles of “plan – do – study – act”, to test and refine proposed process improvements. Students need to understand how to analyze outcomes to determine if they meet benchmarks. Medical laboratory professionals should be taught to continually evaluate quality of care in relation to patient and community needs. 16

17. Competence in Using Information Technology PROVIDE LEARN ASSESS FACILITATE Laboratory professionals can provide information and reliable resources for patients to learn more about their laboratory tests. Students need to facilitate patients’ access to and interpretation of their own test results through these electronic systems. Students need to learn basic principles of new integrated electronic health record systems. Students need to assess how electronic health record systems enhance the patients’ understanding of their laboratory information. 17

18. Competence in Delivering Patient-Centered Care DELIVER COMMUNICATE DEVELOP DISSEMINATE The ability to communicate with patients is one of the major components of delivering patient-centered care. Medical laboratory scientists must develop communication and consultative skills using problem-based scenarios and simulation exercises. Delivering patient-centered care also includes the delivery of care that meets each patient’s goals There is a growing need for electronic dissemination of information and consultation with both patients and other healthcare providers. 18

19. Competence in Working as Part of an Interdisciplinary Team EMPHASIZE INCORPORATE TEAMWORK COMMUNICATE MLS education programs should emphasize communication, conflict resolution skills, and respect. A foundation in communication skills will be particularly important as Medical Laboratory Scientists expand their clinical roles. From the patient-centric view, interprofessional teamwork is considered essential for seamless, high quality healthcare. Incorporation of interprofessional education, will almost certainly require the initiative of MLS educators. 19

20. CONCLUSION • A decade after publication of A Bridge to Quality the problems leading to unintended harm of patients in the healthcare delivery process have not been solved. • Professional education for laboratory practitioners today includes few specifics directed at the IOM aims or core competencies that could contribute to safer care. • Integrating patient safety concepts and crafting assignments to develop IOM’s core competencies, will prepare future practitioners to effectively practice medical laboratory science in the healthcare system of the 21st century. 20

21. “Without laboratories, men of science are soldiers without arms” - Louis Pasteur 21

22. REFERENCES Morris, S., Otto, C. N., & Golemboski, K. (2013). Improving patient safety and healthcare quality in the 21st century—competencies required of future medical laboratory science practitioners. American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science, 26(4), 200-204. PHOTO CREDITS https://online.lsu.edu/online-degree-programs/undergraduate/bachelor-medical-laboratory-science/ https://wallpaperaccess.com/medical-laboratory 22

23. THANK YOU! HAVE A PLEASANT DAY! 23