Câu so sánh

1. DEGREES OF COMPARISON Equal comparison: With adjectives or adverbs: a. + S1 + BE/ V + as + {adj/ adv} + as + S2 My book isas interesting as yours. Nguyen sings as beautifully as his father. Nếu là câu phủ định, asthứ nhất có thể thay bằng so. b. - S1 + BE/V(not) + as/so + {adj/ adv} + as + S2 He is not as tall as his father./ He is not so tall as his father. Bao does not dance as gracefully as Thanh 2. With nouns: S1 + verb + the SAME + ( Noun ) + as S2. Adj N - heavy, light  weight - wide, narrow  width - deep, shallow  depth - long, short  length - big, small  size - old  age

2. Viết lại câu sử dụng cấu trúc so sánh bằng a. Mary/ tall/ her brother. Mary is as tall as her brother. b. A lemon/ not sweet/ an orange. A lemon is not as sweet as an orange. c. A donkey/ not big/ a horse. A donkey is not as big as a horse.

3. d. This dress/ pretty/ that one. This dress is as pretty as that one. e. the weather/ not cold/ yesterday. The weather is not as cold as yesterday.

4. II. Comparatives • With short adjectives/adverbs Form: S1 + be/ V + Adj/adv + ER + THAN + S2 She is younger than I am/ She runs faster than I do *Notes: a. Some adjectives has the same form as adverbs: fast, hard, early, late b. Short adjectives:a. One syllable: cheap - cheaper, fast - faster, young - , slow…b. 2 syllables end in ER - + ER: clever - cleverer OW - + ER: narrow – narrower Y - Y I + ER: easy – easier LE - + R: simple – simpler T - + ER: quiet - quieter

5. c. Adjectives end in E - + R: large - larger, cute – cuterd. Adjectives end in consonant – vowel – consonant – double the last consonant before adding ER: hot – hotter, big - bigger, thin – thinner 2. Long adjectives a. Form: S1 + be/ V + MORE Adj/adv + THAN + S2 This hotel is more comfortable than that one Jane dances more gracefully than Mary • Để nhấn mạnh so sánh, có thể thêm a bit/much/far trước  so sánh. S1 + V +a bit far/much + Adj/Adv +er + THAN + S2 S1 + V + a bit/ far/much + more + Adj/Adv + THAN + S2 A waterlemon is much sweeter than a a lemon. His car is far better than yours. Harry’s watch is far more expensive than mine He speaks English much more rapidly than he does Spanish.

6. EX 105. 1: Complete the sentences using a comparative form (older/..) quieter 1. It’s too noisy here. Can we go somewhere ........................? 2. This coffee is very weak. I like it a bit.............................................. stronger smaller 3. The hotel was surprisingly big. I expected it to be.............................. 4. The hotel was surprisingly cheap. I expected it to be ................. more expensive 5. The weather is too cold here. I’d like to live somewhere.................... warmer/hotter 6. My job is a bit boring sometimes. I’d like to do something .......... ...... more interesting 7. It’s a bit pity you live so far away. I wish you lived .............................. nearer 8.I was surprised how easy it was to use the computer. I thought it would be ............................ more difficult/ more complicated 9. Your work isn’t very good. I’m sure you can do ............................ better 10. Don’t worry. The situation isn’t so bad. It could be ..................... worse 11. I was surprised we got here so quickly. I expected the journey to take ...................... longer more quietly 12. You’re talking very loudly. Can you speak a bit ..................... more often 13. You hardly ever phone me. Why don’t you phone me ..................... 14. You are standing too near the camera. Can you move a bit ............................... ………..away. farther./further happier/ more cheerful 15. You were a bit depressed yesterday, but you look..........................................today

7. EX 108.2 Complete the sentences. Use a superlative (-est/ or most…) or a comparative (-er or more….) the cheapest 1. We stayed at …………………hotel in town. (cheap) cheaper 2. Our hotel was......................than all the others in the town (cheap) larger 3. The USA is very large, but Canada is………………..........(large) the smallest 4. What’s ...............................country in the world? (small) better 5. I wasn’t feeling well yesterday, but I feel a bit ………today. (good) 6. It was an awful day. It was ..........................day of my life. (bad) the worst the most popular 7. What is …..…………………..sport in your country. (popular) the highest 8. Everest is …..…………mountain in the world. It is ……………than any other mountain. (high) higher the most enjoyable 9. We had a great holiday. It was one of ..………………………..holiday we’ve ever had (enjoyable) more comfortable 10. I prefer this chair to the other one. It’s ………………...(comfortable) 11. What’s ………………way of getting from here to the station (quick) the quickest The oldest/ The eldest 12. Sue and Kevin have got three daughter. ……….is 14 years old. (old)

8. 2. So sánh kém hơn nhất:S1 + V + the + least + adj/ adv +(N) + (in/ of) + N These shoes are the least expensive of all. IV. Double comparison: SO SÁNH KÉP • So sánh lũy tiến(càng ngày càng…) • Short adjectives/adverbs: S + V + short adj/ adv + ERand + short adj/ adv + ERShe looks younger and younger/ It is getting hotter and hotter • Long adjectives/adverbs: S + V + MORE and MORE adj/adv She seems more and more attractive. Pork is becoming more and more expensive. 2. So sánh đồng tiến: (Càng… Càng) The + SSH + S + V, The + SSH + S + V( SSH: adj, adv, n, v) The colder it is, the more terrible I feel. The more effectively he works, the higher his salary is The more books he reads, the more knowledge he gets. The more I look into her eyes, the more I love her Notes: You must pay attention to the verb in order to choose the right answer: adj/adv

9. Review types of comparison • Do exercises