Programming for Exercise and Medications

1. PROGRAMMING FOR EXERCISE AND MEDICATIONS PROGRAMMING FOR EXERCISE MEDICATIONS AND Fight Factory

2. Fight Factory INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION As a fit pro, chances are good that you have exercise clients who take prescription medications. According to the CDC (2021), 48.6% of people have taken at least one prescription drug in the past 30 days. Prescription and over-the-counter medications provide relief for aches and pains, allergies, gastrointestinal problems, sleeplessness, and many other health conditions that impair the quality of life.

3. Fight Factory ANTI-HYPERTENSIVE MEDICATIONS ANTI-HYPERTENSIVE MEDICATIONS HYPERTENSION Hypertensionor high blood pressure (HBP), is the overall top risk factor of cardiovascular disease (Sabbahi et al. 2016). It’s the most common condition of the circulatory system, diagnosed in more than 40% of all cardiovascular diseases (Sharman et al. 2019). ACE INHIBITORS ACE inhibitors relax veins and arteries to lower blood pressure by preventing formation of angiotensin II, a strong vasoconstrictor (i.e., something that narrows blood vessels). ACE inhibitors are typically the first drug of choice to treat hypertension, especially for people who have a diabetes diagnosis (Niedfeldt 2002).

4. Fight Factory CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS Calcium channel blockers prevent too much calcium from entering the cells of the heart and arteries. Excess calcium triggers more forceful contractions and more vasoconstriction, so reducing its entry results in vasodilation (widening of blood vessels), decreased resistance to blood flow and a lower blood pressure (Niedfeldt 2002). BETA BLOCKERS Beta blockers block the action of hormones like adrenaline, causing the heart to beat more slowly and with less contractile force, resulting in lower blood pressure (Klibanov 2020).

5. Fight Factory Physical activity is safe for patients on hypothyroid medications. An increase in physical activity can improve aerobic capacity and muscular strength and lessen fatigue in persons with hypothyroidism. However, Lankhaar et al. (2021) report that many people with hypothyroidism limit their physical activity due to common exercise-related constraints (e.g., lack of time, lack of energy, lack of willpower, fear of injury, lack of skill, and lack of facilities or equipment). EXERCISE RECOMMENDATIONS EXERCISE RECOMMENDATIONS

6. Fight Factory ANTILIPIDEMIC MEDICATIONS ANTILIPIDEMIC MEDICATIONS High cholesterol can put people at higher risk of heart disease, heart attack and stroke. Antilipidemic drugs act to prevent these conditions by lowering the “bad” cholesterol, i.e., low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (Fuentes, Pineda & Venkata 2018). Statins are the most common prescription. Statins inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that produces cholesterol. By inhibiting this enzyme, unhealthy cholesterol can be reduced (Schweitzer et al. 2020).

7. Fight Factory ANTIDIABETIC MEDICATIONS ANTIDIABETIC MEDICATIONS It’s important to highlight that regular physical activity is recommended to prevent and manage type 2 diabetes (Das et al. 2018). With consistent exercise training, the working skeletal muscles become more efficient in utilizing blood glucose and stored muscle glycogen to fuel the workout. Physical activity also causes muscles to increase their sensitivity to insulin, thus facilitating the consumption of glucose from the blood (Das et al. 2018).

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