1. ??????? ?? ??? ??????????? ????? ??? ? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????, ???? ??? ????

2. ????? ?????? ? – ???? ??? ????: ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????, ?????? ??????: * ??????? ?? ??? ????. ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ??????. * ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????????? ????? ?????? ????????. * ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????. ? – ??? ????? ??????: ????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?? ??????. ???? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????. ? – ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????????????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? (????, ?????? ????? ?????) ?????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????, ????? ?? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?????????? ??? ??????? ?????.

3. ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? (???? ?) * ????? ?? ??????? ???? ??????, ????? ?????? ???. [??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???????, ??? ????????? ???????] * ????? ???? ????? ?????. [???? ???? ???? ?????, ???? ???? ????, ???? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?????] * ???? ???????????? ?? ?????? ????????. [???? ?????? ????, ??? ????? ??????, ????? ?????? ?????? ????? - ??????] * ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????? ????? ??????. [???? ????? ?? ???? ???????????? ??????, ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????, ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????] * ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????. [??? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????, ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????]

4. ???? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???: ?????? ?? ????? ????, ??????? ?????????, ??????? ??? ??????, ???? ?????? ??????, ??????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????: ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????, ????? ?? ???? ??????, ????? ?????? ????? ??????: ?????? ?? ?????? ????????, ??????? ?????????, ??????????? ?????? ????????? ??????: ?????? ?? ????? ????, ????? ??????, ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????, ???? ????? ??????? ???

5. ????? ???? ??????? - ???? ?????? ???????????? ???? ????. ??? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ????, ???? ???? ???????. ?????????? - ???? ?????? ????????????? ?? ?????? ???? ????. ??? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????????. ????? ?? "????" ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???????????. ?????????? - ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????. ??????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????????. ???????? - ???? ?????? ???? ????. ??? ????? ???????? ??????????? ???????????? ?? ?????. ????? ?????? - ?????? ?????? ??????, ??????, ??????, ?????? ??????, ???? ???? ?????? ?????. ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??????.

6. ????? ??? ???????? Superior - Inferior Anterior - Posterior Lateral - Medial External - Internal Proximal - Distal Deep - Superficial

10. ?????? ?????? ?????? Bone - ???. Joint - ????: ????? ??? ??? ????? ?????. Cartilage - ????. ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?????. ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? (Synovial ) ????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??????. Ligament - ?????. ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???. Muscle - ????. ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????. Tendon - ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ????.

11. ???? ????? 1. ????? ??????. ?????? ??? ????. 2. ????? ?????. ?????? ????? ???? ?? ????. 3. ????? ??????. ?????? ????? ????. 4. ????? ???????. ?????? ???????.

12. ???? ?????? ???? ????????? – Synovial joint ???? ?? ????? ????? (??? ????) ???? ????? – Cartilagenous joint ???? ?? ????? ?????? (????? ???? ????) ???? ??????? - Fibrous joint ???? ???? ??? ????? (????? ????????)

13. ???? ???? ???? ???? ?????????? Compact Bone - ????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ????. Spongy Bone - ???? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ????. Periost - ?????? ??????? ?? ????. ???? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???????????? ???? ?? ????? ???????: 1. ????? - ?????? ??????. ????? ????? ??????? ?? ???????. 2. ??? ???. 3. ???? ??? ??? - ???? ????? ??'?.

14. ??? ?????: ????? ??????? ????? ????. ?????: ????, ?????? ???? (??? ????), ???? ??? ????? ??????????????. ??????: ?????, ??????, ????? ??????, ????? ???? ??????? ???????. ?????: ?? ?? ?????? ??????: ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? C.T , ????. ????? ???????: ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? (Callus) * ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????. ??? ?? ???? ? 10 ????. * ??? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???? ????, ???????, ??? ????? ??? ??????. * ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? 3-12 ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????. * ?????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??????.

15. ??? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ???. ????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? (?? ?? ???? ????) ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??????. ???, ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?????. ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????.???? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ????????? ??????. ?????? ???? ????? ?????! ???? ?? ??????? ??? ?????????? ???? ??????: http://www.tmurot.org.il/article.asp?id=78

16. ??? - ??? ?? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ???. ?????? ??????? ???? ?????, ????? ?????? (?? ?? ????) ????? ????? ?????. ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? (?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?????) ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????. ?????? - ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??????. ??? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??????. ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?????. ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ???, ???? 3-6 ??????. ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ?"? ??????????? ?? ???? ????? ?????. ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????. ???? ??? ????? ??????? ??????, ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ????.

17. ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????????, ?????? ??????. ???????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ???????, ???, ??? ????. ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???. ????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???. ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? (???????????) ????? ?????. ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????. ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?????. ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??, ?????? ??????. ??"? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????. ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?????, ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????. ????????? ?????? ???? ????????? ???? ?? ??????. ????? ????? ?????? ???, ?????, ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????????. ???? ?????, (??"?, 6-8 ??????), ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????.

18. ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????. ???? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??????. ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????????. ??? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????. ???, ?????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????. ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??????. ??? ?????? ??? ? 4-6 ??????. ?????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????. ?????? ???????, ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??????.

19. ????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ????. ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ????. ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ????. ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????. ??"? ???? ???? ??? ?????. ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ??????. ????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?????. ????????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???.

20. ????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ???????. ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????. ???? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????. ?????? ??? ??????, ?????? ?? ?????? ??????. ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? (???? ?????? ??????)

21. ????? ???????? - Skull bones Frontal Parietal Occipital Temporal Mastoid Process Mandible Maxilla Zygomatic Nasal bone Sphenoid Orbit

24. ???? ????????

25. ???? ????? - Spine ????? ? 33 ??????. ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ????. ???? ???? ???? S ?????. ???????: * ????? ??? ????? ????. * ??? ?? ??? ?????: Spinal cord ????? ??.

27. ???? ???????

28. ???? ????? ??????

29. ???? ?????? ????????

30. ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???????? (?????) ?????? ????? ?'?. ????? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ???????.

31. ????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????. ??????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ??????. ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? http://www.tmurot.org.il/article.asp?id=78

33. ???? ??? ????Thoracic Cage ????? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????, ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????. ???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?????. ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??????.

34. ? Sternum ????? ?????? ?????: Manubrium , ? Body , Xyphoid . ??? ?- Manubrium ?- Body ???? ??? ??? ????? Sternal Angle . ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ????. ???? 12 ????? ?? ????? – Ribs ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???????. ????? 11 ??????? ?????? ?- Costal Cartilage ???? ?? ???????. ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????.

35. ???? ?????? ????? ????? * ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????. * ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????. * ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ???????. * ??? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????. * ?? ???, ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ????. ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????. ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????.

36. Supra Sternal Notch ??? ????? ?- Clavicle ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?- Scapula. ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? Supra Sternal Notch. ???? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??.

37. ????? ????? ??????? - ??????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????, ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????. ???? ????? ?????? : Inferior Angel , ????? ??????: Superior Angel ????? ????? ???? ??? ??????: Glenoid Fossa ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????. ???? ??? ????? ????? Spine of Scapula ?????? ??? ?????? ???? Acromion Process. ?- Coracoid ????? ??? ????? ???? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????.

40. ??? ????? - Humerus ???? ?????????? ???? ???? - Head ????? ???? ?? ?- Scapula ??????? ???? ???????: Greater / Lesser Tubercle. ????? ???? ???? ????????? ???? ????? ????? Deltoid Tuberosity ????? ???? ????? ?- Deltoid. ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?????? Lateral / Medial Epicondyle. ????? ????? ?? ?????, ???? ?????, ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???????????. ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????. ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????, ?????? ????? ?????????.

41. ?????

42. ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? : Carpal Bones . ??????? ???? ?? ??????. ?- Piciform Bone ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ?? ???. ????? ?? ???: Metacarpal . ????? ???????: Phalanges. ?????? ????? ???? ?????. ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????: Proximal, Medial, Distal

44. ????? ???? - Pelvis ???? ???? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?????: ?- Sacrum ????? ???? ????? ?- Hip ??????? ???? ?? ?- Sacrum ??? ?? ?? ??????, ????? ????? Pubis Symphysis. ??? ?- Hip ?????? ????? ????? ??????: Iliac, Pubic, Ischium. ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ?- Acetabulum ????? ?? ???? ????.

45. * ???? ?- Iliac ???? ????? Iliac Crest - ???? ?? ???????. * ????? ??? - Anterior Superior Iliac Spine - ASIS . * ????? ?- Pubic ?????? ??? ???? ????? Pubic Crest. * ???? ?- Ischium ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? - Ischial Tuberosity (????? ?????).

46. ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?????

47. ??? ????? ?????? ?????

48. ??? ???? - Femor ????? ??? ???? ?????? ????. ????? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ????. ???? ??? ????? Head ????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?- Acetabulum ????. ????? - Neck ???? ?????? ??????: Greater / Lesser Trochanter. ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? (135 ?????) ????? ????? ????? ??????????????. ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? Linea aspera. ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? Medial / Lateral Condyle ??????? ?? ???? ????. Patella ??? ??? ????? ????? ????. ???? ???? ?????. ???? ????????, ??? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????.

49. ???????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????????? ?? ?- Tibia ???? Meniscus ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????.

50. ????? ????

51. ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??????: ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? Tarsal, ????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? Metatarsal ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? Phalanges. ???? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????. ??? ???? ????? Calcaneus. ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? Talus ???? ?????? ?- Tibia ??- Fibula. ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ???. ??? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ?????. ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?? ????. (???? ????????? ??????).