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    1. Even micro-enterprises are able to make risk assessments - a joint campaign of the Berlin and Brandenburg health and safety authorities together with the social accident insurance associations Dr. Detlev Mohr, Director LAS Potsdam

    2. Content of the Report Introduction Goals of the Campaign Methods and Results Step 1 OSH Basics Step 2 Enforcement of Legal Obligations Step 3 Quality of Risk Assessments Step 4 Internal Quality Management of Inspection Conclusions

    3. About the Campaign Joint action 2007-2008 of the Berlin and Brandenburg health and safety authorities and German Social Accident Insurance LAGetSi (OSH Authority Land Berlin) LAS Potsdam (OSH Authority Land Brandenburg) BG Bau (Statutory Accident Insurance Institution for the Building and Construction Trade) BGM (North German BG for the Metal Trade) StBG (BG for the Quarry Trade) BGETF (BG for the Precision and Electrical Engineering Trade) VBG (BG for Administrative Occupations) Co-operation agreement between partners 1.500 micro-enterprises The figures in this presentation are taken from our campaign summary: http://bb.osha.de/docs/abschlussbericht_gefbeurteilg.pdf

    4. Campaign Goals to improve the level of health and safety in small and micro-enterprises to enforce an obligation (risk assessments have been obligatory for more then ten years) Problems of SME: sheer survival on the market sometimes takes high priority OSH and the ‘take care’ slogan slips off a boss’ radar risk assessment often regarded as an additional bureaucratic requirement

    5. Further Campaign Goals to identify those risks the employers have problems to realize them to identify those risks where the measures taken are insufficient to implement more systematic risk assessments to improve the internal health and safety culture and organisation in micro-enterprises

    6. Internal Campaign Goals OSH authority and the Statutory Accident Insurance Institutions can develop information strategies to improve the knowledge about those risks and how to reduce them in campaigns of the next years

    7. Internal Campaign Goals to develop a common understanding of the several supervisory bodies and their inspectors about the risk assessments, what is still acceptable and what is not to develop a common understanding what are the right measures in case of detected risks to find a coordinated approach which is as convenient as possible for micro-enterprises to improve the training of labour inspectors on the results of the campaign

    8. Campaign Methods Step 1 OSH Basics Investigations in 1.500 micro-enterprises (enterprises with less than 10 employees) Was a risk assessment made? Are records about the risk assessment available? How is the Safety and Health Care organized? How does the SME deal with the legal obligation to carry out a risk assessment? Who was responsible? Who was involved? What tools were used for the risk assessment? Was the risk assessment updated?

    9. Results of Step 1 One Third of the Micro-Enterprises had not made their Risk Assessment

    10. Results of Step 1 Risk Assessment Made in Relation to the Kind of Care

    11. Campaign Methods Step 2 Enforcement of Legal Obligations Risk Assessments was not done Advice by the OSH Authority Additional advice by the Statutory Accident Insurance Advice by internal/external Safety and Health Care Additional demand and report back Second inspection Orders/injunctions/fines/legal proceedings Risk Assessment was not recorded Advice by the OSH Authority Report back Quality of the Risk Assessment was not OK Additional advice by the Statutory Accident Insurance Advice by internal/external Safety and Health Care Additional demand and report back

    12. Results of Step 2 Measures of Inspection for Enforcement of Law

    13. Results of Step 2 Risk Assessment Made after Second Inspection

    14. Campaign Methods Step 3 Quality of Risk Assessments Were all hazards covered by the risk assessment? Were non-hazards identified as hazards? Were the measures derived suitably? Were the measures derived sufficiently to avoid/reduce risks? Was the ranking of the measures derived correct? Were deadlines recorded for the measures derived? Were all workplaces covered by the risk assessment? Were the Normal Operation Procedure (NOP) and the Emergency Action Plan (EAP) part of the risk assessment? Was the risk assessment used for the selection of machines? Was the risk assessment used for the information of employees?

    15. Results of Step 3 Frequency of Hazards in Enterprises by Inspectors

    16. Results of Step 3 Frequency of Hazards in Enterprises by Employers

    17. Results of Step 3 Derivation of Sufficient Measures by Employers

    18. Results of Step 3 Involvement of all Workplaces in the Records

    19. Results of Step 3 The Employers had especially problems to identify Biological Hazards Chemical Hazards Risks caused by Vibration Psychological Risks The Measures derived for these factors were often insufficient.

    20. Campaign Methods Step 4 Internal Quality Management of Inspection Do the inspectors use the same list of hazards/risks? Do the inspectors identify the same hazards/risks in a SME? Do all inspectors use the same action level for measures? What are the right measures in case of a risk? What files to the inspectors recognize as a record of a RA? Do the inspectors have the same measure of discretion? What hazards/risks do senior inspectors expect in a typical SME? What hazards/risks do inspectors expect in a typical SME?

    21. Results of Step 4 Step 4 Internal Quality Management of Inspection Measures Derivation of a common basic understanding is necessary Development of guidelines for the inspectors Training of inspectors before and after the campaign Use of common checklists Development and use of a suitable IT-System Analysis of the findings Publication of the results Derivation of new campaigns Evaluation of the campaign with its partners

    22. Conclusions The campaign refutes the theory that the majority of employers in micro businesses do not or only inadequately perform the obligation to carry out a risk assessment. The majority of employers in micro businesses are clearly motivated to protect the health of their employees through appropriate measures, even if they are not all aware that this decision-making process is called ‘risk assessment’. The development of a common basic understanding on the implementation of risk assessment made it possible to provide employers with professional advice.

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