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Phylum Arthropoda

Phylum Arthropoda. Subphylum Myriapoda Classes Diplopoda & Chilopoda Subpylum Hexapoda Class Insecta . Subphylum Myriapoda. 1 pr antennae 1pr mandibles 2 or 1 pr maxillae uniramous appendages. SP Myriapoda, Class Chilopoda. Centipedes. Scutigera coleoptrata . Cheliped Examples.

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Phylum Arthropoda

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  1. Phylum Arthropoda Subphylum Myriapoda Classes Diplopoda & Chilopoda Subpylum Hexapoda Class Insecta

  2. Subphylum Myriapoda • 1 pr antennae • 1pr mandibles • 2 or 1 pr maxillae • uniramous appendages

  3. SP Myriapoda, Class Chilopoda Centipedes

  4. Scutigera coleoptrata

  5. Cheliped Examples Scolopendra castaneiceps

  6. http://gprime.net/video.php/bateatingcentipede

  7. SP Myriapoda, Class Diplopoda

  8. Millipedes • 4 thoracic segments • each has 1 pr legs • 25-100 abdominal segments • each has 2 pr legs • Larval stages have 1pr legs/segment

  9. Diplopod Examples

  10. SP Hexapoda, Class Insecta • 4 pr feeding appendages (mouthparts) • 6 pr walking legs • 2 pr flight appendages • 2pr wings • 1pr wings + 1pr halteres • 1pr elytra + 1pr wings • No appendages on abdomen • Tagmata: • Head – 5-7 segments • Thorax – 3 segments • Abdomen – 8-11 segments

  11. Class Insecta

  12. Tagmata

  13. Segmentation

  14. Insect Anatomy

  15. Head Appendages compound eye antenna ocelli mandible maxillary palp labrum maxilla labium labial palp

  16. Famous Mouth Parts

  17. Insect Respiratory System

  18. Excretory System – Malpighian Tubules • Insects excrete nitrogenous waste in the form of uric acid (urate) • Solid uric acid is formed in the rectum by the removal of H2O

  19. Holometabolous Insects Tobacco horn worm Larva of sphinx moth

  20. Holometabolous Development Lepidopteran Lifecycle 1-4 instars

  21. Holometabolous Development • Dipteran larvae

  22. Bot Fly Lifecycles

  23. Coleopteran – Grub Larvae

  24. Boll Weevil

  25. Beneficial Coleopterans Aphid parasites 1st instar 3rd instar pupa Adult Ladybird Beetle Life Stages

  26. Hemimetabolous Development hemipteran Larvae orthopteran odonatan

  27. Beneficial Insects • Ichneumon wasps lay eggs in body of beetle & lepidopteran larvae – many of which are plant pests • The wasp larvae feed on the host, killing it in the process

  28. Insect Behavior • Hymenopterans & Isopterans often show complex social behavior • Termite colonies • Ant colonies • Bee hives • Hornets & wasps • All have unique genetic/environmental sex determination mechanisms

  29. Social Insects

  30. Arthropod Evolution MUTATIONS IN REGULATORY GENES CAN GIVE THE PROTEINS NEW PROPERTIES: UBX ACQUIRES THE ABILITY to REPRESS DISTAL-LESS in the INSECT CLADE R. Galant and S. B. Carroll, 2002. Nature 415:910. Ronschaugen, M. et al. 2002. Nature 415: 914. .

  31. Arthropod Evolution Mutation of the ultrabithorax gene

  32. Arthropod & Chordate EvoDevo

  33. Arthropod Evolution • Paleozoic insect fossils – show ties to crustacean morphology Wing primordia arose from thoracic gills 3 pr of Biramous appendages

  34. Present Mayfly Nymph

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