The General Causes of Infertility

1. The General Causes of Infertility federalhealth.net/the-general-causes-of-infertility The genital glands called gonads: ovaries in women and testes in men but also all other organs which together constitute the genitals (in women, are the tubes and uterus; in humans the Channels that allow sperm transport and ejaculation). The pituitary gland located at the base of the brain, whose hormones play a role of stimulation of the gonads, essential to reproduction. As we have seen, natural reproduction also requires good coordination between the various organs (ovaries, tubes, uterus in women, testicles and excretory ducts in men) and sexual intercourse which must take place at the right time Ovulation. A lesion of the genital organs or abnormal functioning of the pituitary gland and the genital organs may disrupt the mechanism of reproduction and cause more or less permanent infertility. There is the talk of infertility when, in the absence of any contraception despite regular and frequent enough reports, a couple fails to conceive after two years. Only then are examinations justified to investigate the possible causes of this infertility. It is good to know that in the absence of any anomaly, a fertile couple has no more than 25% chance per cycle of getting pregnant. Sometimes, there are elements that make it possible to evoke infertility, and in this case, a balance is prescribed.should think about IVF therapy and a trip to a reputable treatment. Some infertility factors are common to both men and women: 1/3

2. Hypothalamic-pituitary pathologies- They are responsible for a decrease in gonadotropins, FSH and LH, with an alteration of gonadal control, either ovarian with anovulation or testicular with a sperm production deficit. Impact of weight on fertility of man and woman– Infection: Most studies have observed an alteration of the spermatic parameters associated with BMI: decreased concentration or total sperm count decreased mobile sperm count, increased atypical spermatozoa. A recent meta-analysis of 14 studies demonstrates an increased risk of Oligospermia in patients with elevated BMI. There also seems to increased DNA fragmentation sperm in obesity or even overweight suggesting impaired sperm quality. In the event of overweight or obesity in men, the chances of giving birth after IVF would thus decrease by about 35% compared to men of normal weight. Alcohol: Most studies suggest that chronic alcohol intoxication affects male fertility, with impairment of sperm parameters such as decreased sperm volume, decreased sperm concentration, decreased mobility and impaired sperm morphology. Women: IVF success rate In 2009, one in three women of childbearing age is overweight (20-25%) or obese (10-15%). Numerous epidemiological studies on large cohorts of pregnant women have demonstrated the link between weight at conception and the chances of pregnancy. The risk of having to conceive for more than a year is increased by 27% in case of overweight and 78% in obesity. This risk is multiplied by 1.3 for a BMI between 24 and 25.9 kg / m2 and by about 3.7 for a BMI greater than 32 kg / m2. Indeed, a high BMI is a risk factor for resistance to clomiphene citrate (no ovulation despite increasing doses) and is linked to the increased doses of clomiphene citrate or gonadotrophins necessary to induce growth follicular. Infectious causes- Major causes of infertility include infectious diseases, mainly sexually transmitted infections. In women in periods of sexual activity, pelvic inflammatory disease (mainly chronic salpingitis and endometritis) is one of the most frequent infections. In humans, urogenital infections and inflammation remain an important etiological factor in male infertility. Infections in the male genitourinary tract are responsible for about 15% of infertility. 2/3

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