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How to Review Literature

A simple description about how one can carry out a good literature review

Sritha
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How to Review Literature

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  1. How to Review Literature A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDELINE FOR STUDENTS 1 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

  2. In this session What is literature review? Why review literature? Sources for literature review The two stages of literature review The process of completing stage 1 2 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

  3. What is review of literature (ROL)? The finished product that appears in the dissertation or paper ROL The process of gathering, surveying, and critiquing existing literature 3 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

  4. Why review literature? 4 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

  5. Why review literature? 5 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

  6. What does ROL do for your research? Literature review is an extensive and in-depth study of existing research in the area of interest to answer these questions: What variables stated in theory are being/ not being studied? Which samples/ populations are/ are not being studied? Which methods are useful/ feasible? Which tools are available/ preferred? What kind of interventions have/ have not worked 6 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

  7. What does ROL do for your research? What challenges can we expect in design and data availability? What recommendations do others researchers make for further study? Thus, it helps to… Identifying existing gaps in Knowledge in the field Clarify / specify your research problem or evolve your research question 7 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

  8. What does ROL do for your research? relevance solutions issues And finally helps to identify these regarding your own research terms gaps clarity historical background context theoretical underpinnings 8 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

  9. What is a literature search? A systematic and thorough search of all types of published literature in order to identify as many items as possible that are relevant to a particular topic (Gash, 1999) 9 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

  10. Sources Internet Based Literature Books Journal articles Grey Literature Peer reviewed research articles Unpublished dissertations Text books Official websites Reference books Review of literature Reports by organizations Social media Podcasts, blog posts, videos, talks Specialized books Conference proceedings Popular media Collaborative references Monographs Specialized literature (maps, patents, poems 10 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

  11. The two stages of literature review Reading Literature search Note taking Literature summaries Record management Process of reviewing ROL Identifying gaps Integrating literature into your dissertation RESEARCH QUESTION 11 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

  12. Stage 1 The process of reviewing literature 12 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

  13. 13 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

  14. Reading Strategies 14 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

  15. Note taking Methods Annotation Pattern Linear 15 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

  16. Annotations 16 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

  17. Patterns 17 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

  18. Linear 18 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

  19. Record Management Record keeping Bibliographic details Key word searches Software (Endnote, Procite) Personal library 19 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

  20. Other important points 20 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

  21. Intellectual dispositions Be inquisitive Be sceptical Be independent Be honest 21 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

  22. Action dispositions Be persistent Be patient Be deliberate Share and exchange ideas 22 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

  23. Decision making dispositions Use reasoning (inductive and deductive); logical thinking Use circumspect thinking (open mind, considering and learning from divergent points of view) 23 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

  24. Ethics Do not take data out of context. Do your own research. Present only what you believe to be factual. Present all sides of the question. Do not plagiarize Be the sole writer of your literature review 24 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

  25. Sources J-Gate Nlist (ShodhSindhu) Science direct Psycnet (APA) Google Scholar JStor Research Gate

  26. Identify the article ISSN Number Last 5-8 years Identify the following details: ◦ Title of article ◦ Authors ◦ Years ◦ Publishing journal with volume, pages, etc Copy all this information into a word document Copy the url also along with date and time

  27. Steps Read each article multiple times. Identify the following information – look for where it is in the article: ◦ The aim/ objectives/ problem/ hypothesis ◦ The population which is being studied ◦ The methods they have used ◦ The tools they have used ◦ The analysis ◦ The findings

  28. Writing the summary Once you have got the needed information you need to put down it down as a summary of that article To do this, you need to cite the authors, years, and page numbers, and then You need to summarize all the main points You can use reference manager plugins like Zotero. You can get back to us for help here of course.

  29. So what should your summary of each study contain? Full title of the research paper Sampling method Authors Population being studied Year of publication Analysis of results Journal name Interpretations Research question/ problem/ aim Relationship to theory Variables being studied Limitations of the study (as stated by authors) Tools being used Limitations you have identified Design of the study Any information you need to look up 29 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

  30. This should help you identify gaps Which variables or factors does theory talk about that research does not study/ has not studied? Which variables are being studied in research but do not feature in theory? What research results are congruent with theory, what are not? What results are not explained by theory? Which populations are being studied for which variable and why? Which populations are not being studied and why? This should give you gaps in theory as well as in populations/ samples 30 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

  31. References Leite D F B, Padilha M A S, Cecatti J G (2019) Approaching literature review for academic purposes: the literature review checklist. Clinics. DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2019/e1403 Machi L. A., McEvoy B. T., (2016) The literature review: six steps to success. 3rded. California, USA. Corwin Ridley D (2012). The literature review: a step-by-step guide for students. 2nded. Los Angeles, USA, Sage. 31 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

  32. That’s it for now! 32 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

  33. STAGE 2 Integrating the literature review into your dissertation 33 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

  34. Two methods How the literature review may be integrated in different theses where there are identifiable literature review chapters and/or sections is illustrated below. There are two main approaches: dedicated and recursive. In the first approach, the literature review is included in a chapter or series of chapters, frequently with topic-related titles, near the beginning of the thesis. It often begins in the introduction and continues in one or more subsequent chapters. In the second approach, the literature review is likely to reappear at various points in the thesis. It begins in the introduction and then continues at the start of each chapter which presents a different study or group of studies 34 COMPILED BY SRITHA SANDON

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