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Dossier 4 – The Contemporary Period

Dossier 4 – The Contemporary Period. Chapter 2 – Economy & Development. Review. Economic development during the… Natives 10 000 BC – 1608 AD The French Regime 1608-1763 The British Regime 1763-1867 The Contemporary Period 1867-Today. 1867. Canadian Confederation.

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Dossier 4 – The Contemporary Period

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  1. Dossier 4 – The Contemporary Period Chapter 2 – Economy & Development

  2. Review • Economic development during the… • Natives 10 000 BC – 1608 AD • The French Regime 1608-1763 • The British Regime 1763-1867 • The Contemporary Period 1867-Today

  3. 1867 Canadian Confederation

  4. http://atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/auth/english/maps/historical/territorialevolution/1870http://atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/auth/english/maps/historical/territorialevolution/1870

  5. Economic Development since 1867 • How did Canadian Confederation change the economic landscape? • Canada was now an independent country • In control of its own economic policies • What did John A. MacDonald have to promise certain provinces in order to join? • A train connecting Canada from coast to coast • Certain economic/political freedoms

  6. Canada’s Development – The Railroad • As the railroad progressed: • More provinces started to develop out West • In order to stimulate growth inside Canada…what kind of economic policy do you think they used? • Protectionist Policy • Why? To make sure Canadian business could grow • It was called the National Policy

  7. Economic Development • During the 1800’s – Canada’s economy was mostly based in what sector(s)? • Primary: Fur, Timber, Fishing and agriculture

  8. Economic Development • The Primary Sector: • In the 1800’s there was still a lot of famine • This was mostly due to industrialization and urbanization • And the fact that people were working, but times were rough • 1930’s = the mechanization of farming • 1940’s = electricity (everywhere) • 1950’s = electrical appliances!

  9. 1930 The mechanization of Farming

  10. An electrical circuit - 1930

  11. 1940 1950

  12. Economic Development • The Primary Sector (cont’): • Agriculture began to diversify • Number of farms Size of Farms • Productivity of the farms also increases • Used to be a FAMILY business – now run as small/medium sized businesses • what is a COOPERATIVE?

  13. Economic Development • The Primary Sector (cont’): • Forestry – still offering lots of employment • New natural resources are developed • Mining: • Nickel, gold, zinc, silver and copper in Abitibi-Témiscamingue • Asbestos in the Eastern Townships • Iron in Cote-Nord • Copper in Gaspésie

  14. Economic Development • The Secondary Sector • 1800’s - Industrialization first affects light industries • Leather, shoes, clothing, tobacco, food (butter, milk, cheese, beer, sugar) etc. • By the 1900’s – more export oriented industries start to develop • Pulp and paper, wood processing, newsprint • Ore processing (aluminum, iron) • Chemical production (oil refining) • Transportation materials (especially for the railroads)

  15. Economic Development • The Secondary Sector • Since 1970 – the secondary sector has decreased • Mostly due to cheaper labour cost in places like Asia, Mexico and India

  16. Economic Development • The Secondary Sector • Hydroelectricity • What is “potential?” • The first hydroelectric stations were built in the late 19th century • The bigger projects started after the 1920’s • But these projects were all privately owned • Shawinigan • St-Maurice • The Saguenay • The Ottawa

  17. Economic Development • The Secondary Sector • Hydroelectricity • In 1963 the Quebec Government nationalized the electricity industry – why? • Quebec became a world leader in hydroelectric technology • Although Quebec has attracted a lot of business because of its cheap electrical rates…what are some of the consequences? • Flooding – environmental damage • Native Rights – most of these projects are on their land!

  18. Economic Development • The Tertiary Sector • The tertiary sector has been growing since the 20th century • The creation of the “office worker” • Consumption therefore retail • A more socialist government? • Increased Standard of Living? • Also, after the 1950’s – more and more women were becoming part of the work force.

  19. Activity # 5 Creating your own Graph

  20. Activity # 5 - Graphing • Create your own graph • Using table 2.28 on page 78, create a graph that shows the changes in the various sectors from 1850 to 2000. • Make sure your axises are labelled correctly and that your graph has a title. • Then write up a short paragraph which discusses the shift with the sectors and how Canada has changed as a result.

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