Katy ISD BLOODBORNE PATHOGEN TRAINING

1. Katy ISDBLOODBORNE PATHOGENTRAINING

2. Bloodborne Pathogens “Without thinking about possible consequences, I helped a student who had a bloody nose without wearing gloves. I had scratches on my hands from pruning rosebushes the previous weekend. As a result, I contracted Hepatitis B, an infection of the liver caused by the Hepatitis B virus with an incubation period of 2-6 months from exposure to the illness. The doctor said that 50% of infected people do not become ill. I asked her how the disease was spread and she told me through (1) sexual activity, (2) blood transfusions, (3) sharing needles, (4) from direct contact with blood and other potentially infectious materials, and (5) from mother to baby. She told me it even spreads more easily than HIV. I was shocked to find out that just from helping with a bloody nose, I was now faced with possibly months of recuperation.“ To protect yourself from contracting this or other bloodborne diseases, read and study the following life-saving information. • Enduring Understanding: In today’s environment it is critical that school professionals plan a safe response to children and adults in need. All school employees must know the potential danger of bloodborne pathogens. • Essential Questions: • What are bloodborne pathogens? • How can I become infected? • How can I protect myself and others from infection? Do you know which of these diseases are bloodborne pathogens? Read on to find out if you are correct. HIV Hepatitis C Cancer Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Chicken Pox Syphilis

3. Bloodborne Pathogens Defined--HBV What are bloodborne pathogens? Bloodborne pathogens are microorganisms carried by human blood and other body fluids. The most contagious is the: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) • Most common bloodborne pathogen (in 2001, approximately 78,000 new infections were reported in the US) • Hepatitis means “inflammation of the liver” • No cure, but most will heal in approximately 6 months. It can be life threatening and lead to cirrhosis and almost certain death if not treated. • 30% of people with the disease show no signs or symptoms • Blood tests are necessary to diagnose the disease • Virus can live in dried blood up to 7 days • Blood, saliva, and other body fluids may be infected • If you have symptoms, they might include fatigue, weight loss, fever, diarrhea, darkened urine, jaundice • HBV vaccination series is available & effective

4. Bloodborne Pathogens Defined--HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus Another highly-contagious and deadly bloodborne pathogen is: • Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) • The number of cases of HIV has steadily increased in Texas since 2002* • Virus attacks the body’s immune system • Many contagious people with the disease show no signs or symptoms for several years • Flu-like symptoms may include fever, diarrhea, fatigue, weakness, sore throat, nausea, headaches, white coating on the tongue, swollen lymph glands • Those infected with the virus will eventually develop AIDS • No vaccine currently exists to prevent AIDS • HIV is transmitted mainly through sexual contact, but also may be spread by contact with blood and body fluids • HIV is NOT transmitted by touching or working around people who carry the disease • The virus will not survive long outside of the human body * Statistics reported from http://www.dshs.state.tx.us/hivstd/reports/default.shtm

5. Bloodborne Pathogens Defined—Other Diseases Other bloodborne pathogens include: Hepatitis C (http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/hepatitis/c/index.htm ) • A disease of the liver caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) • 4 times more common than HIV • Not spread by kissing, hugging, sneezing, coughing, food or water, sharing eating utensils or drinking glasses, or casual contact • Occupational transmission 10 times lower than for HBV infection • No vaccine available Syphilis (http://www.dshs.state.tx.us/hivstd/info/syphilis/default.shtm) • A sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by the bacterium Treponemapallidum • Although not as efficient as Hepatitis B or HIV, syphilis can be passed through a blood transfusion or by sharing syringes, needles or needle sharing equipment (works) • May be cured with antibiotic treatment

6. Bloodborne Pathogen Transmission How can I become infected with bloodborne pathogens? BBPs may be present in body fluids containing visible blood, semen and vaginal secretions, or torn or loose skin. • Workplace transmission—BBPs can enter your body through: • Open cuts and nicks • Skin abrasions • Dermatitis • Acne • Mucous membranes of the mouth, eyes, or nose • Accidental injury—you can become infected with a contaminated sharp object like: • Broken glass • Sharp metal • Needles • Knives • Exposed ends of orthodontic wires • Indirect transmission—when you touch a contaminated object or surface and then transfer the infection to your: • Mouth • Eyes • Nose • Non-intact skin Contaminated surfaces are a major factor in the spread of HBV.

7. Hepatitis B Vaccinations School nurses , trainers and those employees with occupational exposure employed by the district are eligible to receive the Hepatitis B vaccine at no cost Series of 3 shots—2nd shot given 1 month after first shot; 3rd shot follows 5 months after 2nd shot Builds up the body’s immunity to the Hepatitis B virus Standard precautions Treat all blood and body fluids as if they were potentially infectious Remember that victims of HBV and HIV come from all age groups, every socioeconomic class, every state, and both rural areas and inner cities. Engineering controls—use appropriate containers for disposing of regulated waste and towels soaked with blood or body fluids Look for the biohazard label Warning labels must be placed on containers of regulated waste. Regulated waste includes: Blood or other potentially infectious materials Contaminated items that would release blood or other potentially infectious materials in a liquid or semi-liquid state if compressed Items that are caked with dried blood or other potentially infectious materials. http://www.healthypages.net/news/pics/doctor-injection.jpg Bloodborne Pathogen Protection How can I protect myself and others from infection?

8. Bloodborne Pathogen Protection (continued) • Work practice controls—specially-trained employees will handle first-aid treatment and body fluid spill cleanups • Hand washing—the most important work practice control • Wash hands or other exposed skin thoroughly as soon as possible following an exposure incident • Use antibacterial soap, not harsh, abrasive soaps • Personal hygiene • Minimize splashing, spraying, spattering and generating droplets when attending to an injured student or co-worker, especially where blood is present • Don’t eat, drink, smoke, apply cosmetics or lip balm, or handle contact lenses where there is likelihood of exposure • Don’t keep food and drink in refrigerators, freezers, shelves, cabinets or on countertops or bench tops where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present

9. Bloodborne Pathogen Protective Equipment How can I protect myself and others from infection? Personal protective equipment (PPE)—protective wear appropriate for the task and exposure to include: • Gloves • Made of latex, nitril, rubber, or other water impervious materials • Bandage cuts or sores on hands before donning gloves • To remove gloves, • With both hands gloved, peel one glove off from the top to bottom and hold it in the gloved hand • With the exposed hand, peel the second glove from the inside, tucking the first glove inside the second • Don’t touch the outside of used gloves • After removing gloves, wash your hands with soap and running water as soon as possible • Goggles, face shields and aprons if there is a risk of splashing or vaporization of contaminated fluids

10. http://www.sultanchemists.com/product_catalog.asp Bloodborne Pathogens—Exposure & Decontamination If I am exposed to body fluids, what do I do to protect myself? • Wash the exposed area thoroughly with soap and running water • Use non-abrasive, antibacterial soap • Flush mouth, nose, eyes for 15 minutes if blood is splashed in mucous membranes • Report the exposure to your supervisor • Fill out an exposure report form • Request blood testing and Hepatitis B vaccination • Surface Decontamination • All surfaces, tools, equipment and other objects that come in contact with blood or potentially infectious materials must be decontaminated and sterilized as soon as possible. • Use a solution of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (household bleach) diluted between 1:10 and 1:100 with water. Use at least ¼ cup of bleach per one gallon of water. • Allow the bleach solution to sit on the spill for 10 minutes before collecting and disposing of waste. • Use Katy ISD approved disinfectant and wear gloves.

11. Report all Blood Exposures Student Exposure Student should be brought to the campus nurse and an Accident Report filled out. The right to privacy should be respected Incidents of this kind may also involve disciplinary action by campus administration Employee Exposure • If an employee is exposed to blood or body fluids the injured employee must submit an “Employee’s First Report of Injury” and call the Risk Management Office at 281-396-2422 or 281-396-2241. • The campus nurse should assist the employee to complete the exposure report form. • There are very specific steps in the medical follow-up to a blood or body fluid exposure. Reporting to Risk Management allows the district to ensure that proper medical care is provided.

12. Check-up Questions—Bloodborne Pathogens Have questions about BloodbornePathogens? Your KISD contact person is:Carol Moore in Health Services caroldmoore@katyisd.org