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Demonstrative Pronouns for Locations Terms for Relative Location

Class Session 5a Chapter 3. Demonstrative Pronouns for Locations Terms for Relative Location Indicating Starting and Ending Point The Question Word dochira. Demonstrative Pronouns for Locations. Answers to questions using doko , may use the demonstrative pronouns koko , soko , asoko :

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Demonstrative Pronouns for Locations Terms for Relative Location

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  1. Class Session 5a Chapter 3 • Demonstrative Pronouns for Locations • Terms for Relative Location • Indicating Starting and Ending Point • The Question Word dochira Japanese 1100-L05a-07-05-2012

  2. Demonstrative Pronouns for Locations • Answers to questions using doko, may use the demonstrative pronouns koko, soko, asoko: • koko here in the speaker’s domain (proximal) • soko there in the listener’s domain (medial) • asoko (over) there outside domain of both speaker and listener (distal) • Examples: • watashi no megani wa doko desu ka.soko desu. • Where are my glasses. There (they are). • ginkō wa doko desu ka.asoko desu. • Where is the bank? It is over there. Japanese 1100-L05a-07-05-2012

  3. Terms for Relative Location • When a question with doko (where?) cannot be answered by koko, soko, or asoko you can use one of the following terms to more specifically identify a location: • mae front hidari left higashi east • ushiro behind migi right nishi west • ue above yoko side minami south • shita below aida between .. and .. kita north • naka inside tonari next to • chikaku vicinity, near • These expressions are used as follows: • reference item + no + location word • ginkō no mae ni in front of the bank • tsukue no migi ni on the right of the desk • aida (between) requires two reference items • ginkō to tosohan no aida ni between the bank and the library Japanese 1100-L05a-07-05-2012

  4. Indicating Starting and Ending Point • The particles kara (from) and made (up to) specify the starting point and the ending point for things such as location, time, and diversity. • Examples: • uchi kara gakkō made from home to school • tōkyō kara ōsaka made from Tokyo to Osaka • 2-ji kara 3-ji made from 2 o’clock to 3 o’clock • 23-pēji kara 35-pēji made from page 23 to page 35 • kodomo kara otona made (anyone) from children to adult • tabemono kara kagu made (anything ranging) from food to furniture Japanese 1100-L05a-07-05-2012

  5. The Question Word dochira • In a polite context, doko is replaced by dochira , which means which way, • which place, but can also mean where in some context. • Examples: • yamada sensei wa dochira desu ka. Where is professor Yamada? • sumisu-san wa dochira kara desu ka.1 Mr. Smith, where are you from? • igirisu kara desu. I am from England. • ---------------------------------------------- • 1More specifically (and politely) you could ask: go-shusshin wa dochira desu ka. go is an honorific particle; shusshin means a person's origin (town, city, country, etc.) or the institution from which one graduated. Japanese 1100-L05a-07-05-2012

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