Notes

1. Notes “It is however quite certain that the Slavic racial or religious ideals, or even racial characteristics, will never become dominant among us. These {qualities} are ‘embodied’ in a peasant population which has little or no influence over its second generation, for it has found a higher social level.” The Education of the New Canadians (1918), p. 61 “Shudder as we Anglo-Saxons may at the thought of it, our descendants are more than likely to marry Poles or Bohemians or Ruthenians or Russians, as we now call them.” The Education of the New Canadians (1918), p. 158 “Many of these people will be very slow to understand and apprectiate the higher ideals of our civilization, but we have every reason to hope that their offspring, born under the Union Jack, will grow up as valuable Canadian citizens.” The Education of the New Canadians (1918), p. 55 “The Icelander will be dealt with as the ideal type of non-Anglo-Saxon immigrant…” The Education of the New Canadians (1918), p. 39 “Accustomed to the rigors of a northern climate, clean-blooded, thrifty, ambitious and hard-working, they will be certain of success…” Stranger Within Our Gates (1909), p. 92 The need for English culture “broad and deep” to be a part of teachers of English… The Teaching of English (1902), p. 391 Only certain races had inclinations towards freedom – “… the Anglo-Saxon race displayed a special genius for self-government and political organization.” The Sense of Power (1970) p. 117 “We need more of our own blood to assist us to maintain in Canada our British traditions and to mould the incoming armies of foreigners into loyal British subjects.” Stranger Within Our Gates (1909), p. 50 • Anglo Saxon • Norwegian / Northern Europe • Slavs / Ruthenians / Eastern Europe • Orientals • Africans / Indians

2. Notes They (Mongolians) are practically unchangeable. A History of Education (1886) p. 10 “The Orientals cannot be assimilated.” Stranger Within Our Gates (1909), p. 189 A history of education. (1900) pp. 9-10 Its people belong to the Mongolian race, whose genius is shown by the early invention of paper, printing, gunpowder, and the mariner’s compass…. They are industrious and economical; and in the relations of everyday life they are polite and kind. They honour their parents, love their children, and respect their authority. Possessed of great patience, they endure oppression and suffering without a murmur. On the other hand, they are destitute of deep moral convictions. They are hypocritical and dishonest; and once in authority, they are apt to become tyrannical, and even cruel. Their wives are held in contempt. Destitute of hope beyond the grave, and incapable of spiritual delights, their aspirations are confined to earthly objects. “Blood, rather than language or religion, is the chief barrier that separates them from the rest of the community.” Stranger Within Our Gates (1909), p. 190 “We confess that the idea of a homogenous people seems in accord with our democratic institutions and conducive to the general welfare.” Stranger Within Our Gates (1909), p. 277, Argues for limiting and largely excluding orientals “Essentially non-assimilable elements are clearly detrimental to our highest national development, and hence should be vigorously excluded.” Stranger Within Our Gates (1909), p. 278 … no account is taken of uncivilized peoples, since education with them consists almost exclusively in training the body for war and the chase. Their education is thus too primitive in its character to bring it within the scope of our present understanding. History of Education (1900) p. 8 or from the psychology text …The Indian lost his broad lands more from lack of altruistic than of selfish motives. He was too often at war with other tribes, too revengeful, and his sympathies were too narrow. Halleck, (1985), p, 256 • Anglo Saxon • Norwegian / Northern Europe • Slavs / Ruthenians / Eastern Europe • Orientals • Africans / Indians