High-level International Conference “ Energy Security and Sustainability – the OSCE Perspective ”

1. SOME PRECONDITIONS TO THE ECODEVELOPMENT OF THE ENERGY SECTOR Energy Security and Sustainability with Smart Energy Policies (SEP) High-level International Conference “Energy Security and Sustainability – the OSCE Perspective” Ashgabat, Republic of Turkmenistan, 17-18 October 2013 Hélène CONNOR, Ph.D.

2. HELIO International • HELIO International is an international NGO thinktank of leading energy analysts whose common goal is to promote sustainable and equitable development for all (ecodevelopment). • HELIO experts carry out independent evaluations of national energy policies and inform citizens as well as decision-makers about their effectiveness. They also analyse and advise on ecodevelopment, participatory governanceand climate stabilisation.  • HELIO's core activity is Sustainable Energy Watch.  SEW's objective is to measure progress towards sustainable energy and ecodevelopment practices nationally, regionally and globally. HELIO cooperates with local analysts.

3. Designing Smart EnergyPolicies (SEP) Thread of the exposé: • 1. Awareness of the challenges to achieve ecodevelopment • 2. New problems need new tools: • Soft energy technologies • Climate-proofed energy policies • Reinforcing the 5 forms of capital • 3. Collective design and implementation of SEP for global security The United Nations General Assembly unanimously declared the decade 2014-2024 as the Decade of sustainable energy for all.

4. 1. Challenge of Providing Energy Security and Stability in a changing environment • Climate change impacts both the demand and supply-side of the energy equation: • Impacts of temperature and climatic changes - direct AND indirect, immediate or delayed • Role of energyefficiency in improving security (quantitatively and qualitatively) by decreasing demand rather than increasing costly supply) • Some obstacles: • Lack of proper institutions and transparent methods • Lack of commonly accepted parameters/indicators for: • Adaptation needs • Effectiveness of adaptation measures • Total social costs (free of subsidies & including externalities)

5. Challenge of reconcilingEnergy and Ecodevelopment • Key role of energy • National governments and the energyfundamentals • Supply = Demand • Costs = Benefits • Analysing the interactions • Direct: environment, economic, social • Indirect: governance, global security World initiatives: SEFA the UN sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL)Initiative, and the WEC EnergyTrilemma:affordability, accessibility and environmentallysustainableenergy for all."

6. What does Ecodevelopment imply?

7. 2. New problems - New Tools:Soft/Smart Energy Paths (SEP) • Smart policies will be based on soft energy technologies because… • we cannot afford the « hard path » and never did in fact… • countries are running into the wall largely because of their energy policies (oil bills, debt, externalities, transport costs) • most countries have enough clean energy resources needed to develop harmoniously along a SEP • SEP is the best option left and the best use of our different forms of capitals • SEP will soon be « Plan B » for all countries

8. What are the technologies for a Smart/Soft EnergyPath? • Renewable energy (flux and not stock) • Diverse and numerous for resilience • Flexible, decentralised and accessible • Matched to end-use needs They minimise the energy footprint of a country by maximising efficiency and geographical distribution. Hence they promote peace, local economic development and job creation. Information: • Amory Lovins, FoE, « Soft Energy Paths. Toward a durable peace » 1977 • UK SEP by Gerald Leach http://www.heureka.clara.net/gaia/energy.htm • David JC MacKay, « Sustainable Energy — without the hot air » 2011

9. How to Devise a Climate-proof Soft Energy Path

10. A New Tool to Climate-Proof Energy Policies… Because of climate vagaries, where energy is both culprit and victim, policies need to adapt and can use a new tool: TIPEE Traitement de l’Information pour des Politiques Energétiques favorisant l’Ecodéveloppement  Processing Information for Smart Energy Policy and Ecodevelopment "I'd put my money on the sun and solar energy. What a source of power! I hope we don't have to wait until oil and coal run out before we tackle that."- --Thomas Edison (1847--1931)

11. TIPEE is… • …a tool to help decision-makers make use of available information and intelligence to make better energy decisions.  • …comprised of a methodology and of a set of 24 indicators to check energy impacts. • …a means for decision makers to check how well national energy policies are contributing to ecodevelopment under fluctuating weather conditions. • …designed to be applied freely.

12. TIPEE Indicators 1-7

13. TIPEE Indicators 8 - 14

14. TIPEE Indicators 15 – 24

15. Cameroon Indicators:1-14

16. Cameroon Indicators 15-24

17. How can one country secure its energy ecodevelopment? • What assets can it master? • In what shape are its 5 forms of capital? • Natural - the Environment • Human - the People • Social - Institutions (formal or not) • Economic – the Markets (incl. Financial) • Material - all that is built or produced

18. Five Forms of CAPITAL

19. BUILDING ECODEVELOPMENT USING THE CAPITALISTIC APPROACH

20. 3. Collective design and implementationof SEP for global security Like air and water, energy access is a fundamental right. It is an essential service. • The role of the energy decision-makers is to ensure that every person has access to clean, efficient, safe and affordable energy services. • This can be done by: • Ensuring that energy is part of national ecodevelopment strategy (Agenda 21) • Making decisions in cooperation with local beneficiaries • Using equipment that is resilient, efficient and well–maintained • Installing energy systems in low risk areas • Having a local emergency crisis management process in place • Ensuring diversified and decentralised energy supply • Avoid transmission and other vulnerabilities • …

21. PUT in New Screen shot www.helio-international.org/projects/TIPEE.cfm

22. « An invasion of armies can be resisted, but not an idea whose time has come » Victor Hugowww.helio-international.org