PRONOUNS

1. PRONOUNS

2. PRONOUNS • SPI 0701.1.1 Identify the correct use of nouns and pronouns within context • TLW identify personal pronouns and understand their function. • TLW use personal pronouns correctly as subjects and objects in sentences.

3. PRONOUNS • A pronoun is a word that takes the place of one or more nouns • The most frequently used pronouns are called personal pronouns.

4. PERSONAL PRONOUNS • Pronouns that are used to refer to people or things are called personal pronouns. • Can be singular or plural

5. PERSONAL PRONOUNS • Personal pronouns can be used as the subject of the sentence or the object of a verb or preposition.

6. SUBJECT PRONOUNS • Subject pronoun: a pronoun in the nominative case used as the subject of a sentence • I, you, he, she, it, we, they • EXAMPLES: • She is my best friend. • It is my dog. • Does he know the answer? • You and Iwill meet later.

7. OBJECT PRONOUNS • Object pronoun: used as the direct/indirect object or the object of a preposition. • me, you, him, her, it, us, them • Examples: • Give the book to me. • The teacher gave her a reprimand. • I will tell you a story. • Susan read it to them.

8. PRONOUNS AND ANTECEDENTS • SPI 0701.1.1 Identify the correct use of nouns and pronouns within context • TLW identify pronouns and their antecedents. • TLW make pronouns agree in number and gender.

9. PRONOUNS AND ANTECEDENTS • The noun or group of words that a pronoun refers to is called its antecedent. • When using a pronoun, make sure it refers to the antecedent clearly. • Be especially careful when you use the pronoun they. • INCORRECT: • They have several books about Greek myths at the library. Who is they? • CORRECT: • Several books about myths are available at the library.

10. PRONOUNS AND ANTECEDENTS • Make sure the pronoun agrees with its antecedent in number and gender. • 1. The myth of Arachne is amusing. I enjoyed it. • 2. The bystanders see Athena. They watch her at the loom.

11. PRONOUNS AND ANTECEDENTS • Be careful using THEIR! • Think about the antecedent! • The team lost their coach. • The band will be starting their tour this winter. • Over Christmas break, the school will host their annual basketball tournament. • THESE SENTENCES ARE WRITTEN INCORRECTLY!

12. USING PRONOUNS CORRECTLY • SPI 0701.1.1 Identify the correct use of nouns and pronouns within context • TLW identify subject and object pronouns. • TLW use subject and object pronouns correctly in compound subjects and objects when speaking and writing.

13. USING PRONOUNS CORRECTLY • Subject pronounsare used in compound subjects. • Object pronounsare used in compound objects. • EXAMPLES: • He and Carmen wrote a report on the subject. (Not Him and Carmen) • Tell John and me about Hercules. (Not John and I)

14. USING PRONOUNS CORRECTLY • A preposition takes an object. • The object of a preposition can be either simple or compound. • You must use an object pronouns as the object of a preposition. • Examples: • Lee read a famous Roman myth to me. • Lee read a famous Roman myth to Irma and me.

15. USING PRONOUNS CORRECTLY • Whenever the pronoun I is part of a compound subject, it should always be placed after the other parts of the subject. • When the pronoun me is part of a compound object, it should go after the other parts of the object. • EXAMPLES: • Lee and I read some ancient Roman myths. (Not I and Lee) • Mythology interests Lee and me. (Not me and Lee)

16. USING PRONOUNS CORRECTLY • In formal writing and speech use a subject pronoun after a linking verb. • EXAMPLES: • The writer of this report was she. • It is I.

17. POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS • is a pronoun that shows who or what has something • A possessive pronoun may take the place of a possessive noun. • They DON’T contain an apostrophe

18. POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS • Examples: • Homer’s story is famous. • His story is famous. • This story is Homer’s. • This story is his. • Possessive nouns are in red. Possessive pronouns are in green.

19. INDEFINITE PRONOUNS • refers to a person, place, thing, or an idea that may or may not be specifically named. • can be singular, plural, or both depending on the word they refer to • they are singular when they refer to singular words and plural when they refer to plural words.

20. INDEFINITE PRONOUNS • all everybody none • another everyone no one • any everything nothing • anybody few one • anyone many other • anything more several • both most some • each much somebody • each other neither someone • either nobody something

21. SINGULAR INDEFINITE PRONOUNS **another, each, either, neither, much, one**

22. OTHER INDEFINITE PRONOUNS

23. INDEFINITE PRONOUNS SINGULAR PLURAL • Everyone enjoys travel. • Each of the birds built its own nest. • Anyone who has finished his or her sketch should show it to the teacher. • Many of us like to fly. • Several of the ice sculptures are melting. • Were both of the concerts cancelled, or were they just rescheduled?

24. INDEFINITE PRONOUNS • When an indefinite pronoun is used as the subject, the verb must agreewith it in number. • Everyone discussesthe plot. (singular) • Both talkabout King Minos. (plural) • All of mythology is about beliefs and ideals. (singular) • All of the myths are about beliefs and ideals. (plural)

25. INDEFINITE PRONOUNS • Possessive pronouns often have indefinite pronouns as their antecedents. • In such cases, the pronouns must agree in number. • Note that in the first example the intervening prepositional phrase does not affect the agreement. • Eachof the characters hashisor hermotive. • Several have conflict with their rivals.

26. Fill in the blank • 1.agrees that new technologies provide new opportunities. • 2. do their banking, shopping, and research at home on their computers. • 3. believe this is a much more convenient way to conduct their business. • 4. Almost uses a credit card made available through technology. • 5. go to the grocery store where technology will tally their purchases.

27. Answers • 1.Everyoneagrees that new technologies provide new opportunities. • 2. Many do their banking, shopping, and research at home of their computers. • 3. Some believe this is a much more convenient way to conduct their business. • 4. Almost everyone uses a credit card made available through technology. • 5. Others go to the grocery store, where technology will tally their purchases.

28. Reflexive & Intensive Pronouns • End in –self & -selves Do not use hisself or theirselves.

29. REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS • refers to a noun or another pronoun and indicates that the same person or thing is involved • the sentence would not make sense without it-or-it would change the meaning without it • You cannot take it out! • NEVER used as the subject of the sentence Ex. The woman found herself a book of folktales.

30. INTENSIVE PRONOUNS • is a pronoun that adds emphasis to a noun or pronoun already named • can be removed from the sentence and the sentence will still make sense • NEVER used as the subject of the sentence Georgehimselfbought a copy of American Tall Tales. He himself paid for the book.

31. Practice • English book page 440

32. TLW • Identify interrogative pronouns. • Distinguish between interrogative pronouns and contractions. • Use who and whom correctly.

33. INTERROGATIVE PRONOUN • is a pronoun used to introduce an interrogative sentence • used to ask a question • Refers to people: • Who • Whom • Refers to Things: • What • Which (choice) • Shows possession: • Whose

34. Example Sentences • Who (people) Who invented the phonograph? • What (things, places) What was the kinetoscope? • Which (things, places) Which is the most famous invention? • Whom (people) Whom do people admire? • Whose (people, possessive) Whose was it?

35. Do not confuse: Whose & Who’s • Who: subject pronoun (Can replace with he or she.) • Whom: object pronoun (Can replace with him& her; use as D.O. or after a preposition)

36. WHO VS. WHOM • Both pronouns refer to people • Who is used as the subject of the sentence (replace with he/she/they) • Whom is used as an object of a verb or preposition (replace with him/her/them) • Examples: • Who borrowed the book? (subject) • Whom did you let borrow the book? (direct object) • From whom did you borrow the book? (object of a preposition)

37. Who is captain of the football team this year? • Who were the first Americans? • To whom did you give your old skateboard? • Whom did you give your old skateboard to?

38. Practice • (Who, Whom) did you buy flowers for? • (Who, Whom) will you call to come and pick us up after band practice? • (Who, Whom) painted that beautiful picture?

39. On Your Own • Open your book to page 442. • Get out your whiteboard, marker, and eraser.

40. TLW • Identify demonstrative pronouns. • Distinguish between demonstrative pronouns and demonstrative adjectives.

41. DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUN • is a pronoun that points out something

42. EXAMPLES • This is an interesting book. (singular, nearby) • These are interesting books. (plural, nearby) • That is a long book. (singular, at a distance) • Those are long books. (plural, at a distance)

43. Do not confuse with adjectives • This, that, these, & those can also be adjectives. • This pizza is too hot to eat. • Did you watch that television show last night? • I want all these chairs moved to the back of the room. • Please put those shoes in your room.