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Soil

Soil. Let’s dig in!. Soil Exam. General Study Questions form the Soil Survey Soil Pit

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Soil

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  1. Soil Let’s dig in!

  2. Soil Exam • General Study • Questions form the Soil Survey • Soil Pit Soil is a living naturally occurring dynamic system at the interface of air and rock. Soil forms in response to forces of climate and organisms that act on the parent material in a specific landscape (topography) over a period of time

  3. Importance of Soil • Food • Fiber • Fuel • Buildings • Recyles and detoxifies waste • Soil = 6 feet deep • 1 rsp of soil = 50 billion living things

  4. Soil Profile

  5. What is soil composed of?

  6. Soil texture • Soil is composed of three main elements: • Sand • Clay • Silt • The amount or percentage of each element determines the soil's texture

  7. Determine the texture

  8. Textures • Sand = feels gritty • Silt = feels floury • Clay = sticky when wet • Loams = mixture of materials http://www.envirothonpa.org/pdfs/10%20-%20Soil%20Reference.pdf

  9. Factors forming soil

  10. Soil Structure

  11. Soil Color • Topsoil – dark organic matter • Subsoil = less organic matter • Red soil = often high iron, well drained • Wet soil = lack of O leads to grey colors

  12. Soil pH • Soil pH range of 6 to 7 is most favorable for plant growth • Great diversity of pH in PA (more acidic than alkaline) • Low pH = add lime • High pH = add sulfur or sulfuric acid

  13. Soil Survey • http://soils.usda.gov/survey/online_surveys/pennsylvania/#york2003 • Resources: http://www.envirothonpa.org/StationTraining2.html?tab=2#TabbedPanels1

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