Catalyst #2: September 26 th , 2013

1. Catalyst #2: September 26th, 2013 • Read the handout and answer the following questions on your Catalyst paper. • 1. According to the Celestial Emporium of Benevolent Knowledge, how many categories could all living things be placed into? • 2. Would the CEBK be useful to scientists from different countries? Why or why not?

2. Agenda • Catalyst: 10 minutes • Classification Notes: 15 minutes • Soci Sheets: Remaining • Homework: Honors Project, September 30th

3. Announcements • Office hours today • Mastery slips • Lab report due

4. Unit 3.2 Guiding Questions • How do scientists organize and classify organisms? • How can scientists determine how closely organisms are related? • How can scientists classify and identify an unknown organism?

5. Objectives • SPI 3210.5.6 Infer relatedness among different organisms using modern classification systems • SWBAT explain Linnaeus’ system of classification and identify the main criterion he used to classify organisms.   • SWBAT describe the six-kingdom system of classification. • SWBAT describe the criterion and features of the major kingdoms of organisms

6. Human Relatedness • http://genetics.thetech.org/online-exhibits/genes-common • So if humans share 36% of their DNA with fruit flies, does that mean we are the same species as fruit flies?

7. Review: Species + Species: a group of organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring with one another

8. Key Point 1: What is Classification? • Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities

9. Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778) Invented the field of systematics and binomial nomenclature. (Classification)

10. TAXONOMYisthe study of the classification of all living things KEY TERM:

11. WHY CLASSIFY? • Sets up an organized system so scientists can communicate. • Shows evolutionary linkages between organisms.

12. Key Point 2: What Are the Levels of Classification? • There are many groups that living organisms fit into. • Scientists split these groups into 7 levels:

13. Key Term: BINOMIAL NOMENCLATUREthe system used to identify all organisms using a two part Latin name

14. Keys to Binomial Nomenclature Felis domesticus • Must be in Latin • Must be in italics or underlined • Genus (1st word) must be capitalized • Species must be lowercase

15. Examples of Common Scientific Names • Canisfamiliaris - dog • Felis domesticus - cat • Canis lupus - wolf • Vulpesvulpes - fox • Populusdeltoides - cottonwood

16. How to Remember All of Those in Order: Mnemonic King Phillip Came Over For Grape Soda

18. There are estimated to be 5-10 million species in this world. We have scientifically identified 1.5 million of them.

19. Here is an Example of the Levels of Classification This is the animal’s scientific name!

20. CFU #1

22. CFU #2

23. Soci Sheets • Work with a partner. • You may use your notes • When you finish, bring your work to me at the front. • I will ask each partner a question covering today’s lesson. The first five partners to answer correctly, earn 15 Dojo points

24. Catalyst: September 28th, 2013 • ALA

25. Agenda • Catalyst: 8 minutes • Shoe Dichotomous Key Activity: 10 minutes • Dichotomous Keys: 15 minutes • Dichotomous Keys Partner Practice: Remaining • Homework: Honors Projects DUE MONDAY

26. Announcements • Mastery slips due TODAY

27. Unit 3 Guiding Questions • How do scientists organize and classify organisms? • How can scientists determine how closely organisms are related? • How can scientists classify and identify an unknown organism?

28. Objectives • SPI 3210.5.6 Infer relatedness among different organisms using modern classification systems •  SWBAT define phylogenic tree and explain what information a phylogenetic tree shows. • SWBAT define a dichotomous key. • SWBAT analyze a dichotomous tree.

29. Dichotomous Shoe Activity

30. Objectives • Create a dichotomous key for the classification of shoes • Use the dichotomous key to classify an unknown shoe

31. Procedures • Take off your right shoe and throw it into the middle of the circle. • 1. Divide the shoes into two different groups based on similar characteristics. • 2. Continue dividing the shoes based on similar characteristic. • 3. You will be finished when all of the shoes are individually grouped.

32. Analysis • What characteristics did we use to sort the shoes? • How could future archaeologists use our system of classification to identify an unknown (shoe) artifact?

33. Dichotomous Keys • Tools used to classify organisms • Series of choices that lead the user to the correct identification of an organism.

35. Pratice with Dichotomous Keys: Regular Bio • Class copy: Alien Dichotomous Keys • Identify the aliens on your notes using the DK. Always start with number 1! Then, answer the exit ticket questions on a separate sheet of paper.

36. Pratice with Dichotomous Keys: Honors Bio • Class copy: Fish Dichotomous Key • Identify the fish on your notes using the DK. Always start with number 1! Then, answer the exit ticket questions on a separate sheet of paper.

37. Exit Ticket • What language are organisms’ scientific names written in? • What is a special key that helps scientist identify an unknown organism? • Name a mnemonic device that you can use to remember the different taxonomy groups. • What is one reason why scientists classify organisms? • Humans are Homo sapiens. What is our genus? What is our species?