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“The War to End All Wars”

“The War to End All Wars”. The basics. 32 Allied Countries were involved including: France, United Kingdom, Russia, Serbia and Montenegro, Italy, Japan, and eventually the United States. 4 Central Countries were involved including: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire,

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“The War to End All Wars”

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  1. “The War to End All Wars”

  2. The basics

  3. 32 Allied Countries were involved including: France, United Kingdom, Russia, Serbia and Montenegro, Italy, Japan, and eventually the United States. 4 Central Countries were involved including: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, and eventually Bulgaria. The Countries Involved

  4. The Road to War

  5. M.a.i.n

  6. Causes – M.A.I.N • Militarism – preparation of war during times of peace • Alliances – bound nations to come each others aid if attacked • Imperialism - sharpened rivalries in Europe • Nationalism – modern nations operate in their self interest – developing nations have competing nationalist identities

  7. Militarism British Grand Fleet 1914 HMS Iron Duke

  8. Alliances

  9. ImperIalIsm

  10. Nationalism

  11. Germany, Great Britain, France, Russia, Austria-Hungary Status of the Great Powers

  12. 1871 – Germany becomes a unified nation – after the Franco-Prussian War. German minister Otto Von Bismarck engineered German advances in technology, and industry. Germany

  13. Bismarck's Alliances The Golden Rule!!!! DO NOT ALIENATE RUSSIA

  14. Enter William II • William II dismisses Bismarck in 1890. • William II thought Germany invincible, increased militarism, alliances (A-H), alienated Russia, and increased German imperialism.

  15. France • Feel humiliated after the Franco-Prussian War. • Goals: • Seek to protect their border with Germany • Seek allies to counter the strength of Germany.

  16. Russia • Very large, but ill equipped army. • Nervous of German power – pacified by Bismarck. • Main goal – protect the orthodox Baltic region from Austro-Hungarian or Ottoman control. • Pledge support to small, independent Serbia. • Will ally with France after William II betrays Russia

  17. Great Britain • Goals: • Remain aloof from continental alliances • Ensure the Netherlands and Belgium remain unoccupied • Keep naval and colonial superiority • Problems: • Germany is threatening the balance of power • Push Great Britain to ease tensions with France

  18. Austria-Hungary • Goals: • Extend control over the vacated territories left by the Ottoman Empire. • Russia, France, and Italy hate you – stay close to Germany!!!

  19. Recap

  20. The Guns of August

  21. June 28, 1914 Archduke Franz Ferdinand is assassinated in Sarajevo, Bosnia Austria-Hungary blame Serbia and declare war on July 28, 1914 The fuse is lit !!!!!!! The Balkan Powder Keg

  22. June 28, 1914

  23. The Chain Reaction

  24. Plans and Opening stage

  25. Germany is by far the strongest military power in Europe Problem ? – two front war – Russia and France Solution – crush France then concentrate on Russia Tactic – Schlieffen Plan The German Plan

  26. Schlieffen Plan Majority of the French Army

  27. Results • It took one week for all of Europe to declare war

  28. Schlieffen Plan took the Germans to within 30 miles of Paris They are stopped by the British at the Marne River Both sides dug trenches because neither side could advance – Why? The Western Front is born!!! Stalemate

  29. http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwone/launch_ani_western_front.shtmlhttp://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwone/launch_ani_western_front.shtml

  30. Review – Reflection Entry This appeared in an American paper – what is this cartoon trying to portray

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