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Personal Endings Review

Personal Endings Review. I. -O -M. -S. you ( sg .). -T. HE-SHE-IT. -MUS. WE. -tis. You (pl.). -NT. THEY. All About Verbs Each verb has 4 principal parts. amo. amare. amavi. amatus.

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Personal Endings Review

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  1. Personal Endings Review

  2. I -O -M

  3. -S you (sg.)

  4. -T HE-SHE-IT

  5. -MUS WE

  6. -tis You (pl.)

  7. -NT THEY

  8. All About Verbs Each verb has 4 principal parts amo amare amavi amatus To find the PRESENT STEM of a verb, drop the –RE from the 2nd principal part (the infinitive). First Person Singular Present Active“I love” Present active Infinitive “to love”

  9. Finding the Present Stem Find the second principal part of the verb. amo amare amavi amatus The present stem is the second principal part – re. amare - re = ama

  10. Finding the Present Stem • amo, amare • laboro, laborare • paro, parare • porto, portare • specto, spectare • AMA- • LABORA- • PARA- • PORTA- • SPECTA-

  11. Write the following verbs on your paper… • 1stlaudo, laudare, laudavi, laudatus---praise • 2ndmoneo, monere, monui, monitus---warn • 3rdrego, regere, rexi, rectus---rule • 3rd –iocapio, capere, cepi, captus---take • 4th audio, audire, audivi, auditus---hear

  12. The PRESENT STEM is actually used for 3 tenses! Present Imperfect Future

  13. Present Tense Endings AM –ing…, …-s -O -MUS -S -TIS -T -NT

  14. Imperfect Tense Endings WAS/WERE …-ING -BAM -BAMUS -BAS -BATIS -BAT -BANT

  15. Future Tense Endings (1st/2nd) WILL… -BO -BIMUS -BIS -BITIS -BIT -BUNT

  16. Test Monday! • Know how to identify a verb’s conjugation (1st, 2nd, 3rd, 3rd –io, 4th) • Know how to make the present stem (drop the –re). • Know the 3 tenses formed on the present stem (the “present system”---present, imperfect, and future) • Know how to translate present tense: I ____, imperfect tense: I was _____-ing, and future tense: I will ______. • There will NOT be verb charts (o/s/t, bam/bas/bat, bo/bis/bit, etc.) on this test.

  17. Make the present, imperfect and future tense charts for the 1st conjugation and 2nd conjugation verbs you chose yesterday. (Do NOT use the 3rd, 3rd-io or 4th!) • Use the PRESENT STEM as your base on each chart. • Write Latin and English. • Use the same paper. • Turn it in to the basket! amo –I love amamus---we love amas—you love amatis---y’all love amat—h/s/i loves amant---they love amabam---I was loving etc. amabas etc… amabat etc… amabo--- I will love etc. Etc. Etc. Etc. Etc.

  18. It happened in the past, And hasn’t happened since, And that’s what’s perfect About perfect tense!

  19. Finding the PerfectStem Find the thirdprincipal part of the verb. amo amare amavi amatus The perfect stem is the third principal part – i. amavi - i = amav-

  20. Finding the Perfect Stem Find the thirdprincipal part of the verb. doceo docere docui doctus The perfect stem is the third principal part – i. docui - i = docu-

  21. Perfect Stem Practice • porto, portare, portavi, portatus • terreo, terrēre, terrui, territus • maneo, manēre, mansi, mansurus • sum, esse, fui, futurus • PORTAV- • TERRU- • MANS- • FU-

  22. The PERFECT STEM is actually used for 3 tenses! PERFECt PLUperfect Future PErFECT

  23. Perfect Tense Exceptions: -I -ISTI

  24. Perfect Tense HAS/HAVE… …-ed -I -IMUS -ISTI -ISTIS -IT -ERUNT

  25. Which Word Doesn’t Belong? • portabo • laudabas • legebam • amo -O -M “I”

  26. Which Word Doesn’t Belong? • portamus • amas • ducebas • laudabis -S You (sg.)

  27. HE-SHE-IT • duxit • amabat • laudavit • legisti -T

  28. Which Word Doesn’t Belong? -MUS • amamus • portavimus • doces • laudavimus WE

  29. Which Word Doesn’t Belong? -tis • audis • portatis • amavistis • ducebatis You (pl.)

  30. Which Word Doesn’t Belong? -NT • laudabant • portabunt • amat • duxerunt THEY

  31. Tricks for Translating! • First, look at the verb ending and see WHO is doing the verb. • Be sure you don’t overlook any letters---for example, if you see –S, make sure it’s not really –TIS or –MUS.

  32. PORTABAMUS

  33. Tricks for Translating! • Second: Look for a TENSE INDICATOR to figure out the WHEN (tense) of the verb.

  34. BA WAS/WERE

  35. BO, bI, bu WILL/SHALL

  36. WE PORTABAMUS BA WAS/WERE

  37. Tricks for Translating! • Third: Complete the verb with the WHAT (meaning).

  38. WE CARRY PORTABAMUS BA WAS/WERE

  39. We Were carrying PORTABAMUS

  40. Imperfect Tense vs. Perfect Tense • Remember that imperfect tense (the –ba– words) show past action uncompleted (was verbing), repetitive (kept on verbing), or habitual (used to verb) • Perfect tense shows past action completed • Ex: While I was washing dishes, the phone rang. imperfect perfect

  41. Imperfect Tense vs. Perfect Tense • I saw John every day. • I attended school for four years. • Did you play football long? • The alarm clock kept ringing. • I saw John yesterday. • I attended school today. • Did you ever play football? • The alarm clock rang. perfect tense imperfect tense

  42. LibellusVerborum • Present Tense I verb, do verb, am verbing • Imperfect Tense I was verbing, used to verb, kept on verbing, verbed • Future Tense I will (shall) verb • Perfect Tense I verbed, have verbed, did verb

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