Timeline of Anne Frank’s Life and Nazi Germany

1. Timeline of Anne Frank’s Life and Nazi Germany

2. 1933 • January 30: Adolf Hitler becomes Chancellor of Germany and the first anti-Jewish laws are established • March 12: The First Concentration Camp opened at Oranienburg outside Berlin. • April : Nazi Boycott of Jewish owned shops. • June: Nazis open Dachau concentration camp. Otto and Edith Frank realize that they need to leave Germany. • Otto and Edith Frank receives an offer to work in Amsterdam

3. 1934 • January: Otto Frank begins working at the Opekta Works and finds an apartment on the Merwedeplein (Merwede Square) in Amsterdam. • February: Edith, Margot and Anne leave Germany and join Otto in Amsterdam. • February: Anne Frank enrolls in a Montessori school in Amsterdam. • August 19: Adolf Hitler becomes Fuhrer of Germany.

4. 1935-38 • September 15, 1935:Germany passes the Nuremburg Race Laws that deprive German Jews of their citizenship, their businesses, and their right to education. • November 9/10: Kristallnacht- The Night of Broken Glass– when German citizens loot and burn 7000 Jewish businesses, homes, and synagogues. 30,000 Jews are arrested and sent to concentration camps.

5. 1939-40 • 1939 • September 1:Germany invades Poland. • September 3:  Britain, France, Austria and New Zealand declare War on Germany starting World War II. • 1940 • May 10:  The Germans invade and occupy the Netherlands. The Germans ordered that Jewish children could attend only Jewish schools so Anne Frank and her sister were enrolled at the Jewish Lyceum.

6. 1941 • January 8: Dutch Jews are forbidden access to movie theaters or use public transport preventing Anne Frank from enjoying her favorite pastime. • April 1941: All Dutch Jews are forced to wear yellow stars. • December: The Japanese attack Pearl Harbor and war is declared on the US.

7. 1942 • January: Edith's mother, Rosa Holländerdies. • June 12: Anne receives an autograph book from her father for her birthday and Anne Frank decides to use it as a diary • July 5: Anne's older sister is ordered to report for relocation to a labor camp

8. 1942 (cont.) • July 6: The Frank family goes into hiding in Amsterdam because of Margot's deportation order. Otto Frank leaves a note hinting that the family was going to Switzerland, and they behave as if they are going on a journey. Anne’s diary records that she has to leave behind her cat called Moortje. The Frank family moves into rooms above and behind the company's premises in a street along one of Amsterdam's canals. Some trusted employees of Otto Frank offer to help them. The Dutch word for the rear part of a house, used in the diary, translates as the "Secret Annex" in English.

9. 1944 • August 1: The final entry is made in the diary of Anne Frank. • August 4: The 'secret annex' was stormed by the German Security Police  following a tip-off from an informer who was never identified. All of the residents of the annex are arrested and taken to the Gestapo headquarters where they were interrogated and held overnight.

10. 1944 (cont.) • August 5:  They were all sent to an overcrowded prison on the Weteringschans where they stayed for two nights • August 7: They were then sent to Westerbork transit camp and assigned to the Punishment Barracks for hard labor as they were considered to be criminals as they were found in hiding. • September 3: They were all sent in a cattle car to Auschwitz. Once there, the men were separated from the women. • October 28: Anne and Margot are transported to Bergen-Belsen concentration camp.

11. 1945 • January 6: Anne's mother, Edith Frank died of starvation at Auschwitz. • January 27: The Russian Allies liberate the remaining survivors in Auschwitz, including Otto Frank. • March : Margot Frank died of typhus in Bergen-Belson.

12. 1945 (cont.) • March 1945: Anne Frank died of typhus in Bergen-Belson. • June 3: Otto Frank returns to Amsterdam, not knowing whether his family are still alive • October 24: Otto Frank receives word that Anne and Margot died at Bergen-Belsen. His loyal friend Miep gives him the diary written by Anne Frank that she found in the annex after the family was arrested.