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Transformational Leadership Approach

Transformational Leadership Approach. AGED 3153. Be gentle and you can be bold; be frugal and you can be liberal; avoid putting yourself before others and you can become a leader among men. ~ Lao Tzu. Overview. Transformational leadership approach perspective A model of TL TL factors

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Transformational Leadership Approach

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  1. Transformational Leadership Approach AGED 3153

  2. Be gentle and you can be bold; be frugal and you can be liberal; avoid putting yourself before others and you can become a leader among men. ~ Lao Tzu

  3. Overview • Transformational leadership approach perspective • A model of TL • TL factors • Full range of leadership model • Additive effects of TL • Other transformational leadership perspectives • How does the transformational approach work?

  4. Transactional vs. Transforming • Burns • Occurs when one person takes the initiative in making contact with others for the purpose of an exchange of valued things • Occurs when one or more persons engage with others in such a way that leaders and followers raise one another to higher levels of motivation and morality

  5. Pseudotransformational • Personalized leadership • Describes leaders who are transforming, but in negative ways • Leaders who are • self-consumed • Exploitive • Power oriented • Warped moral values • Examples: • Adolf Hitler, Saddam Hussein, Jim Jones

  6. Transformational Leadership Approach Description • “New leadership” paradigm – 1980s • Treats followers as complete human beings • assessment of motives • satisfying their needs • Moves followers to accomplish beyond expectations • often incorporates charismatic and visionary leadership

  7. Transformational Leadership Approach Description • emotions • values • ethics • standards • long-term goals • Leader plays pivotal role in precipitating change • Followers and leaders are bound in the process

  8. Types of Leadership DefinedBurns (1978) • Attempted to link roles of leadership and followership • Two types of leadership • Transformational

  9. House - 1976 theory of charismatic leadership A special gift select individuals possess that gives them the capacity to do extraordinary things Unique personal & behavioral characteristics Weber - 1947 Charisma personality characteristic gives superhuman/ exceptional powers reserved for a few is of divine origin person treated as a leader Followers play role in validating charisma Charisma

  10. Model of Transformational LeadershipBass (1985) • Expanded and refined original version • More attention to followers’ needs • Motivates followers beyond the expected by: • raising consciousness • transcending self-interest • addressing higher-level needs • Incorporates seven factors

  11. Factor 3 Intellectual Stimulation Factor 7 Laissez-Faire Nontransactional Factor 5 Contingent Reward Constructive Transactions Factor 2 Inspirational Motivational Factor 1 Idealized Influence Charisma Leadership Factors Transformational Transactional Nonleadership Factor 6 Mgmt. by Exception Active & Passive Corrective Transactions Factor 4 Individualized Consideration

  12. Individualized Influence Charisma Describes leaders who act as strong role models for followers Leader behaviors: increase moral/ ethical conduct standards “do the right thing” provide vision and sense of mission Inspirational Motivation Inspiration Describes leaders who communicate high expectations Leader behaviors: use symbols/ emotional appeals to focus group enhanced team spirit Transformational Leadership Factors

  13. Intellectual Stimulation Describes leaders stimulate followers to be creative/ innovative Leader behaviors: challenge beliefs and values supports thinking on own careful problem solving Indiv. Consideration Describes leaders provide a supportive climate Leader behaviors: coaching & advising assist individuals in becoming self-actualized use delegation Transformational Leadership Factors

  14. Transformational Leaders • Leaders who exhibit TL: • have a strong set of values & ideals • are effective in motivating followers to support greater good over self-interest

  15. Management by Exception involves corrective criticism, negative feedback, negative reinforcement Two forms watch followers closely identify mistakes/ rule violations intervenes only after standards have not been met or problems have arisen Contingent Reward exchange process Effort by followers is exchanged for specified rewards Transactional Leadership Factors

  16. Nonleadership Factor • Laissez-Faire • The absence of leadership. • hands-off, let-things-ride approach • Refers to a leader who: • abdicates responsibility • delays decisions • gives no feedback • makes little effort to help followers satisfy their needs

  17. Full Range of Leadership Model Effective II IM IS IC CR Active Passive MBE LF Ineffective

  18. Additive Effect of TL Transformational Leadership Individualized Influence Inspirational Motivation Intellectual Stimulation Individualized Consideration + + + Transactional Leadership Contingent Reward Performance Beyond Expectations + Expected Outcomes Management by Exception

  19. Other Transformational Perspectives • Bennis & Nanus (1985) • Four Leader Transformation Strategies • Clear vision of organization’s future state • believable future • Social architect of organization • shape/form shared meetings • Create trust in organization • make position known and stand by it • Creatively deploy themselves through positive self-regard • know strengths & weaknesses and emphasizes strengths

  20. Other Transformational Perspectives • Kouzes and Posner • Five fundamental practices • Model the way • Inspire a shared vision • Challenge the process • Enable others to act • Encourage the heart

  21. How does the transformational leadership approach work?

  22. Focus of TL • Describes how leaders can initiate, develop, and carry out significant changes in organizations • Focus of Transformational Leaders • empower and nurture followers • stimulate change by becoming strong role models for followers • create a vision • act as change agents • are social architects

  23. What are the strengths of transformational leadership?

  24. What are the weaknesses of transformational leadership?

  25. How do we apply transformational leadership?

  26. Summary • Describes how leaders can initiate, develop, and carry out significant changes in organizations • Focus of Transformational Leaders • empower and nurture followers • stimulate change by becoming strong role models for followers • create a vision • act as change agents • are social architects

  27. Summary • Two types of leadership • Transactional • Transformational • Treats followers as complete human beings • Moves followers to accomplish beyond expectations • often incorporates charismatic and visionary leadership

  28. Summary • Motivates followers beyond the expected by: • raising consciousness • transcending self-interest • addressing higher-level needs

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