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DO NOW (Q and A in notebook)

DO NOW (Q and A in notebook). In Europe during the Middle Ages, increases in trade and commerce resulted in A. lower living standards for industrial workers B. decreased economic rivalry between kings C. increased political power for the clergy D. development of towns and cities.

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DO NOW (Q and A in notebook)

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  1. DO NOW (Q and A in notebook) • In Europe during the Middle Ages, increases in trade and commerce resulted in • A. lower living standards for industrial workers • B. decreased economic rivalry between kings • C. increased political power for the clergy • D. development of towns and cities

  2. Chapter 12: Renaissance and Reformation Section 1: The Renaissance

  3. The Italian Renaissance 1. “Rebirth” of ancient Greek and Roman culture Took place in Italy (wealthy urban cities) and then spread throughout Europe Emphasized free will, choice, human reason and individual ability. Shift from spiritual (religious) concerns to secular (worldly)

  4. Italian States • Milan • Visconti family • Sforza family • Venice • Florence • House of Medici • All prospered from trade (Crusades)

  5. Italian Wars 1494, French King, Charles VIII, and his army invade Italy for its riches and land Spanish (helps defend Italy) vs. French 30 year war; Spanish win

  6. Machiavelli on Power • Niccolo Machiavelli wrote The Prince • Discusses how to acquire and keep political power • “The ends justify the means” • urges leaders not to trust their subjects, and to be ruthless in achieving their goals. • Moves away from Christian ethics and morality

  7. Renaissance Society • Nobles dominate • political officials and advisors to king • The Book of the Courtier by Castiglione • Nobles should serve prince in an effective and honest way • Nobles should have a classical education and an interest in the arts • Peasants • Serfdom (manorialism) continued to decline • Townspeople • Patricians • Middle class emerges - bourgeoisie • Workers and unemployed

  8. Family and Marriage Arranged marriages at 2-3 years old Women’s family paid a dowry Fathers made decisions about finances and children’s lives Mothers supervised household Children were not considered adults until their father legally freed them

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