Computer Supported Collaborative Work of a Distributed Remote Science Team and a Mars Crew

1. Computer Supported Collaborative Work of a Distributed Remote Science Team and a Mars Crew Maarten Sierhuis, Ph.D. Mobile Agents Project Lead RIACS/NASA Ames Research Center Moffett Field, CA

2. PlayMobile Agents 2004Field Test @ MDRSDVD

3. Slides from Last Year Review of Mobile Agents

4. Mobile AgentsA software agent architecture for supporting EVAs on Mars tested at the MDRS

5. Mobile Agents Objectives Use what we’ve learned studying and modeling planetary EVA’s to develop a new generation of EVA support systems A model-based intelligent architecture to seamlessly • Integrate data from mobile system components (robot, atv, suit, tools, etc.) • Provide this data to the, EVA astronaut, rover, habitat and remote mission support (with time delay) • Use software "intelligent agents" to • interpret this data • provide model-based advice pertinent to carrying out efficient and safe EVAs. • Help crews and mission control coordinate their work Key: Based on Work Practice Studies of actual field work.

6. Last Slide of Last Year’s Talk Brahms & Compendium(possible future KMi collaboration) • Compendium as a Human-Agent Interface • Semi-formal • Informal: Human  Human • Formal: Human  Agent • Agents put data into Compendium • Humans communicate to agents • Agents get data out of Compendium

7. Collaborative Planetary Science • Teamwork • Collaborative decision-making • Man or machine science? • Apollo missions • MER mission • Human mission to Mars (MDRS ’03)

8. Mission Operations Support Issues during Apollo • Technology Limitations • No image processing • No image download • No Location tracking • Ground processing “by hand” • Voice transcriptions • Sample & image recording • Health monitoring • Ground-based human CapCom • Short missions • Time delay • EVA schedule monitoring • Advice

9. Mission Operations Issues during MER • Large Science Team co-Located at JPL (50) • 24 * 7 Mission Operations on Mars time (2 shifts per Sol) • No Round-Trip Data Tracking • Collaborative Science Planning • Contention with Engineering Requirements for Robots

10. Research Questions • How can a Mars crew communicate about their daily EVA plans with a Remote Science Team on Earth? • How can science data be captured and communicated during and after an EVA? • What is the role of an Earth-based science team? • Can they effectively participate in the planning of daily EVAs? • Can they make useful and timely suggestions to the crew? • How can they collaborate before, during or after an EVA? • Can they lead an EVA?

11. ~ 5km Link L1 L2 EVA astronaut 1 Brahms Dialog System Bio-sensors Differential GPS Digital Camera L4 L3 MDRS Brahms Dialog System E-mail Compendium ScienceOrganizer Powerpoint Internet 1st Repeater 2nd Repeater L5 EVA astronaut 2 Brahms Dialog System Bio-sensors Absolute GPS Digital Camera ATV Agent Directory Service L6 Remote Science Team Location E-mail Compendium ScienceOrganizer Powerpoint ERA Robot Brahms Panorama/Video Camera Differential GPS Mobile Agents at MDRS

12. Proxy agents Dialog System Astro_1 Dialog Com agent Astro_1 agent CameraCom agent DigitalCamera_1 Brahms VM Human and Agents Software Agent An artificial, non-human, software component with which humans or other agents can interact as if it is an independent behavioral entity.

13. Software Agents at MDRS ‘04 ERA Brahms VM ERA agent Hab Brahms VM ScienceOrganizer agent Proxy agents Proxy agents CapCom agent Dialog System Proxy agents Astro_1 MEX WirelessNetwork Comm. agent ERA Email Agent KAoS Dialog Com agent Compendium Aagent GPS & Biovest Dialog agent ScienceOrganizerAagent MEX Switch Board On SpaceSuit_1 Astro_1 agent CameraCom agent ScienceOrganizer Compendium Dialog System SpaceSuit_1 agent DigitalCamera_1 Switch BoardCom agent SpaceSuit_1 Brahms VM Hab Crew RST

14. BuddySpace MeetingReplay Compendium NASA Webex Mars Crew & Mobile Agents CA Mars SocietyMission Support TX CA CSCW Tools ScienceOrganizer Mars SocietyRST SUNY BuffaloRST AZ UK/NY RST Facilitator Mobile Agents Remote Science Team ‘04

15. Crew/RST Work Flow EVA plan Stored in Hab Compendium & ScienceOrganizer DBs Stored in HabCompendium & ScienceOrganizer DBs Stored in HabCompendium DB Crew’sNext DayEVA Plan CrewPerformsEVA ScienceData CrewAnalyzesData inHab CrewAnalysis CrewDiscussesNext DayEVA Plan Morning EVABriefing CrewAnalysis+Next DayEVA Plan Stored in MeetingReplay Video &Compendium DBon Earth MARS EARTH ScienceData RST’sAnalysis+Next DayEVA Plan Individual RST MemberAnalyzes EVA Data RemotelyFacilitated RSTMeeting IndividualRST MemberAnalysis Stored inScienceOrganizer DB on Earth Stored inCompendium, ScienceOrganizer DBs or E-mail/Word docon Earth Stored in Hab and EarthCompendium DB

16. Collaborative Planetary Science ERA Brahms VM ERA agent Compendium Hab Brahms VM ScienceOrganizer agent CapCom agent MeetingReplay Comm. agent ERA MDRS Crew ScienceOrganizerAagent Compendium Aagent CA ScienceOrganizer EVA astronaut 1 EVA astronaut 2 Astro_1 agent Astro_1 agent Mars SocietyRST Compendium SpaceSuit_1 agent SpaceSuit_1 agent SUNY BuffaloRST AZ SpaceSuit_1 Brahms VM SpaceSuit_2 Brahms VM UK/NY RST Facilitator

17. Research Questions Revisited • How can a Mars crew communicate about their daily EVA plans with a Remote Science Team on Earth? • Compendium for asynchronous shared understanding • MeetingReplay for time-delayed Mars<->Earth Communication • How can science data be captured and communicated during and after an EVA? • MAA Agents capture, correlate and store science data in Compendium & ScienceOrganizer • What is the role of an Earth-based science team? • Can they effectively participate in the planning of daily EVAs? • Yes, the tools provide contextual, situated information • Needs serious Knowledge Management • RST Facilitator is a crucial role • Can they make useful and timely suggestions to the crew? • No, there is not enough turn-around time in a single-day cycle • How can they collaborate before, during or after an EVA? • Before and after => use of tools • During has not been tried • Can they lead an EVA? • Has not been tried

18. PI: Bill Clancey Project Lead: Maarten Sierhuis Brahms Team (Ames) Ron van Hoof (lead) Mike Scott Charis Kaskiris Yilmaz Cengeloglu ScienceOrganizer Team (Ames) Dan Berrios (lead) Ian Sturken David Hall Rich Keller Compendium Team (KMi Open University, UK) Simon Buckingham Shum (lead) Michelle Bachler Al Selvin (Verizon) Marc Eisenstadt Jiri Komzak MeetingReplay Team (Univ. of Southampton, UK) Danius Michaelides Kevin Page David De Roure Nigel Shadbolt MEX Team (Ames) Rick Alena (lead) Charles Lee John Ossenfort RIALIS Team (Ames) John Dowding (lead) NREN (Ames & Glenn) Marjorie Johnson (Lead) Ray Gilstrap NASA Glenn RST (Mars Society & SUNY Buffalo) Shannon Rupert (lead) Stacy Sklar SUNY Buffalo RST ERA Team (JSC) Jeff Graham (lead) Kim Tyree-Schillcutt Robert Hirsch EVA Astronauts (SUNY Buffalo) Brent Garry Abby Semple People Involved

19. Further Information • Brahms • http://www.agentisolutions.com • Compendium • http://www.compendiuminstitute.org • MeetingReplay & Buddyspace • http://www.aktors.org/coakting • ScienceOrganizer • http://sciencedesk.arc.nasa.gov/so/ • MDRS: • http://www.marssociety.org/MDRS