Orientations of Young Men and Women to Citizenship and European Identity www.sociology.ed.ac.uk/youth/

1. Orientations of Young Men and Women to Citizenship and European Identity www.sociology.ed.ac.uk/youth/

2. Orientations of Young Men and Women to Citizenship and European Identity Project Co-ordinator: Lynn Jamieson; Co-investigators: Gabriel Bianchi, Klaus Boehnke, Susan Condor, Hector Grad, Ladislav Machacek, Maria Ros and Claire Wallace; Researchers: Georg Datler, Daniel Fuss, Gema Garcia-Albacete, Sue Grundy, Barbara Lasticova, Miryam Rodriguez-Monter, Reingard Spannring.

3. European Commission 5th Framework Programme • Overall aim to provide insight into how young men and women feel about ‘being European’ and European citizenship • Requires broader exploration of: how people construct their identity; how people see opportunities and constraints shaping their future. • A multi-disciplinary project

4. Regional, national and European identities in interaction. • Attitudes towards the EU and its enlargement • ‘Doing Europe’: Languages, travel and mobility • Active Citizens? The engagement of young people in Europe. • Attitudes to immigration and cultural diversity • Europe’s ‘Others’ Young People, Islam and European Identity

5. Our subjects/respondents • Men and women making a gender comparison possible. • aged 18-24 years old allowing a focus on ‘new citizens’, the youngest group with voting rights and responsibilities of citizenship • Residents of selected sites in Europe.

6. Choice of localities • Focused on residents of cities or towns because then people potentially shared a local identity, as well as a regional or national identity • The cities/towns are in regions and nations chosen because of their different relationships to ‘Europe’.

7. The sites of the project: our subjects’ places of residence • Vienna and the main towns in the Bregenz area of Vorarlberg in Austria. • Prague and Bratislava in the Czech and Slovak Republics • Chemnitz and Bielefeld, in Germany but formerly ‘East’ and ‘West’ Germany. • Madrid, the capital, and Bilbao, in the Basque Country, Spain. • Edinburgh, Scotland and Manchester, England in the UK.

9. Two samples in each locality A representative sample, across all social backgrounds and career paths, of 18-24 year old men and women who had lived in the locality for at least five years • A group of residents chosen because they were more likely to feel European because their study or work was Europe-oriented – our ‘target sample’. They were a more highly educated group.

10. Quantitative data: the surveys • Structured questionnaire developed collaboratively in English and translated • Questions to explore attitudes, understandings, experiences and practices • Preparatory pilot work • Surveys administered in 2002 • Some local variations but basically all worked to a common script

11. Qualitative data: in-depth interviews • Some people who had completed the survey in 2002 were then interviewed in 2003 • Interviewees were selected on the basis of their answer to a survey question concerning their strength of feeling about being European. • Two groups were selected: those who expressed no or little feeling and those who expressed strong feelings.

12. Numbers of respondents • In our surveys in each locality we aimed for a representative sample of 400 and a target sample of 100. • In our in-depth interviews we aimed for 24 interviews split between people with no or little feeling of being European and those with a strong feeling of being European. • These figures were not fully achieved in all ten localities. 3890 respondents took part in our representative samples, 799 in our target samples and 244 in in-depth interviews.

13. Orientations of Young Men and Women to Citizenship and European Identity www.sociology.ed.ac.uk/youth/