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Communists Take Power in China

Spinrad /World History. Communists Take Power in China. Nationalism-Desire to drive out foreign influence Modernization- Desire to build modern, industrial economy, military. Causes of Chinese Revolution.

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Communists Take Power in China

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  1. Spinrad/World History Communists Take Power in China

  2. Nationalism-Desire to drive out foreign influence Modernization- Desire to build modern, industrial economy, military Causes of Chinese Revolution

  3. Last Chinese Emperor Overthrown by Chinese Nationalists led by Sun Yixian (Sun Yat-sen) • Create Republic of China with Sun as pres. • Dedicated to nationalism, democracy, and economic security Fall of Imperial China- 1911

  4. Weak leadership, Warlord Rebellions, protests, WWI, corruption, and Civil War Problems for Republic

  5. Kuomintang- China’s nationalist party led by Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai Shek) Communists- New party based on Lenin’s ideas led by Mao Zedong Two Opposing Views

  6. Nationalists tried to fight communists instead of Japanese invaders • Money often ended up in hands of corrupt officers • Bigger army than the communists • Received little popular support • Communists helped by peasants & guerilla warfare Chinese Civil War 1930-1949

  7. Daring Communist retreat, saves the Red Army The Long March 1933

  8. Japan invades China Communists and Nationalists join against Japan US sends nationalist government $billions Japanese Invasion 1937

  9. Civil War resumes after Japanese defeat With China’s economy collapsing, thousands of Nationalist soldiers deserted to the communists By spring, 1949, China’s major cities fell to the well-trained communist forces Red Army wins entire country by October, 1949 Nationalists retreat to Taiwan Mao’s Victory 1949

  10. People’s Republic of China- Mao’s Communist government in mainland China Republic of China- Jiang’s Nationalist gov. on Taiwan 2 Chinas

  11. Jiang Jieshi fled to Taiwan and the US helped him set up a nationalist government on that small island: the Republic of China Soviet Union gave financial, military, and technical aid to Communist China The US tried to halt Soviet expansion in Asia by setting up a separate non-communist state in the southern half of Korea The Two Chinas Affect the Cold War

  12. Communists expand China into Tibet, Mongolia, & India Expansion

  13. Redistributes land to peasants, millions of landlord’s killed Collective farms created Private companies given to government 5-year plan to grow industry and mining Mao’s Reforms

  14. Plan to create giant communes, expand industry Famine kills 20 million “Backyard Industries” hamper growth The Great Leap Forward

  15. Mao encourages Chinese youth to “Learn Revolution” Tried to create society where peasants and workers rule Closed schools, colleges, art houses Mao’s “little red book” of quotations was required reading Threatens civil war, so Mao ended it Cultural Revolution 1966-1968

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