1. Which of the cells represented in the graph above are most likely cancerous ? Why?

1. s 1. Which of the cells represented in the graph above are most likely cancerous? Why? A. Line A B. Line B C. Line C D. Line D

2. Descriptions of Phases in MitosisA nuclear membrane & nucleolus reappear, chromosomes unwind, & centrioles, asters, & spindle fibers disappearB sister chromatids separate by the action of the spindle fibers & move to opposite ends of cellC chromatin coils tightly, nucleolus & nuclear membrane disappear, & centrioles, spindle fibers, & asters appearD chromosomes line up in the center of the cell 2. Which letter in the table above describes metaphase? A. A B. B C. C D. D

3. Descriptions of Phases in MitosisA nuclear membrane & nucleolus reappear, chromosomes unwind, & centrioles, asters, & spindle fibers disappearB sister chromatids separate by the action of the spindle fibers & move to opposite ends of cellC chromatin coils tightly, nucleolus & nuclear membrane disappear, & centrioles, spindle fibers, & asters appearD chromosomes line up in the center of the cell 3. Which letter in the table above describes anaphase? A. A B. B C. C D. D

4. Descriptions of Phases in MitosisA nuclear membrane & nucleolus reappear, chromosomes unwind, & centrioles, asters, & spindle fibers disappearB sister chromatids separate by the action of the spindle fibers & move to opposite ends of cellC chromatin coils tightly, nucleolus & nuclear membrane disappear, & centrioles, spindle fibers, & asters appearD chromosomes line up in the center of the cell 4. Which letter in the table above describes prophase? A. A B. B C. C D. D

5. Descriptions of Phases in MitosisA nuclear membrane & nucleolus reappear, chromosomes unwind, & centrioles, asters, & spindle fibers disappearB sister chromatids separate by the action of the spindle fibers & move to opposite ends of cellC chromatin coils tightly, nucleolus & nuclear membrane disappear, & centrioles, spindle fibers, & asters appearD chromosomes line up in the center of the cell 5. Which letter in the table above describes telophase? A. A B. B C. C D. D

6. 6. The cell cycle is the- A. series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide. B. period of time it takes a cell to make a copy of its DNA. C. time from prophase until cytokinesis. D. time it takes for one cell to undergo mitosis.

7. 7. Which diagram most correctly represents the process of asexual reproduction? A. B. C. D. Why are the daughter cells smaller than the parent cell?

8. 8. A human somatic cell has 46 chromosomes. After the cell cycle is complete, each new somatic cell will have- A. 46 chromosomes. B. 23 chromosomes. C. 92 chromosomes. D. 12 chromosomes.

9. The S phase is the- A. time from prophase until cytokinesis. B. period of time it takes a cell to make a copy of its DNA. C. series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide. D. time it takes for one cell to undergo mitosis.

10. 10. Which of the following shows the correct order of phases of a normal somatic cell going through it’s cell cycle? • G1, S1, G2, P, M, A, T, C • P, M, A, T, C • S1, G1, G2, M phase • M phase, C • Interphase, M phase (Green card) • Answers A & E (Yellow card)

11. Which term describes mitosis? • M phase • Cell grows • Division of the cytoplasm • Nuclear division

12. Cancer can’t enter which phase? • Go • M phase • Interphase • Cell cycle

13. 13. The bond that holds nitrogenous bases together on a strand of DNA is a ____________ bond. • Hydrogen • Covalent • Ionic • Base

14. 14. The bond which binds the sugar and phosphate of DNA is a __________ bond. • Hydrogen • Covalent • Ionic • Base

15. 15. The specific order of nitrogenous bases in DNA determines the exact _______ that will be made. • Carbohydrate • Protein • Lipid • Enzyme

16. The 4 nitrogenous bases in DNA are referred to as the _______________________. • Genetic code • Backbone • Double helix • Complimentary nucleotides

17. 17. The fern Ophioglossum has 1260 chromosomes, after mitosis how many cells are present and how many chromosomes will each new cell have?

18. 18. The term mitosis, refers to _____________? • Prokaryote cell division • Nuclear division • Division of the cytoplasm • G1, S, & G2

19. 19. The M phase is made up of ______________? • G1, S, G2 • PMAT • PMATC • IPMATC • None of the above (Green card)

20. Mitosis is made up of _______________? • G1, S, G2 • I,PMAT • IPMATC • PMAT • A & D

21. Why is DNA considered semi-conservative? • Each DNA molecule is the same • Each DNA molecule is different • The DNA molecule has an old and new strand • The DNA molecule has 2 new strands • The DNA molecule has an original and new strand (Green card) • C & E (Red card)

22. Complimentary nucleotides refer to? • The rule of base pairing • Identical base pairs • Purines pairing up • Pyrimidines pairing up • None of the above

23. Which nitrogenous bases pair? • A – A • A – C • A – G • A – T

24. Why does mitosis occur? • To replace damaged cells • The cell is growing too large • To minimize surface to volume ratios • Allow for the growth of an organism • All of the above (Green card) • None of the above (Yellow card) • B & C (Red card)

25. 25. What is the result of the cell cycle?

26. Which base pair is correct? • Cytosine & Cytosine • Cytosine & Guanine • Cytosine & Adenine • Cytosine & Thymine

27. Pyrimidines are made up of which 2 bases? • Thymine & Adenine • Thymine & Guanine • Thymine & Thymine • Thymine & Cytosine

28. Pyrimidines have how many rings? • 1 • 2 • 3 • 4

29. Organisms may regenerate body parts by what process? • Mitosis • Asexual reproduction • Meiosis • Cellular respiration • A & B (Green card) • B & C (Yellow card)

30. 90% of the cell cycle is spent in _________? • Interphase • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase • G1, S, G2 • A & F (Green card)

31. In G2, the cell is primarily preparing to____? • Grow • Divide • Replicate the DNA • Enter cytokinesis

32. What is the replicated daughter strand of 5’ CATCATTAGTAG 3’? • 5’ CATCATTAGTAG 3’ • 5’ GTAGTAATCATC 3’ • 3’ GTAGTAATCATC 5’ • 3’ CATCATTAGTAG 5’ What term is used for the 5’ & 3’ strands?

33. What are the correct steps of DNA replication? • 2 new DNA molecules are in a double helix • DNA polymerase builds nucleotides to each original strand 3. Helicase unzips the nucleotide bases • G2 A. 3,2,1,4 B. 4, 3, 2,1 C. 4,3,1,2 D. 3,1,2,4

34. Explain the difference in cytokinesis when comparing plant and animal cells.

35. DNA is an example of which biomolecule? • Carbohydrate • Lipid • Protein • Nucleic Acid

36. (A = True B = False) All organisms have unique arrangements of nitrogenous bases that give them their specific traits. • All living organisms use the nitrogenous bases code to make proteins. • The order of the code is the same for all living organisms. • One DNA molecule makes up a double helix.

37. 40. The sugar and nitrogenous base is held together by a _____________ bond. • Hydrogen • Covalent • Ionic • Helium

38. 41. (A = True B = False) Somatic cells are always diploid and have 2 sets of chromosomes. • The parent cell is also knows as the daughter cell.

39. Identify the following: sister chromatids, centromere, & homologous chromosomes