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SINO-US RELATIONS: HISTORY MATTERS

SINO-US RELATIONS: HISTORY MATTERS. Early contacts: Piggy back imperialism: The Opium Wars (1840s) US Treaty of Wanghsia (1844) Western occupation and the “Open Door Policy” Philippines (1898) and the Boxer Rebellion (1902)

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SINO-US RELATIONS: HISTORY MATTERS

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  1. SINO-US RELATIONS: HISTORY MATTERS • Early contacts: • Piggy back imperialism: The Opium Wars (1840s) • US Treaty of Wanghsia (1844) • Western occupation and the “Open Door Policy” • Philippines (1898) and the Boxer Rebellion (1902) • 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act; 1905 SC case (Chinese children are citizens), 1952 Walter-McCarren Act (Racialized quotas for immigration) • The League of Nations and Manchuria • The Founding of the UN: Why did China get a seat?

  2. SINO-US RELATIONS: HISTORY MATTERS • The PRC and Taiwan: 1949 • The Korean War (China vs. US 1950-53); Vietnam • 1971: Nixon renews contact, Allows UN membership • 1979: State visit by Deng Xiaoping, full diplomatic ties • 1989: Tiananmen and Jiang Zemin • MFN Status to WTO (2002)

  3. CAN’T WE JUST ALL GET ALONG? • The liberal perspective: They can’t afford and don’t want to fight us • 20K joint ventures; 230 billion trade; US: 48 billion in DFI • Chinese culture is less conducive to trying to export revolution • China will choose growth over social control • The realist perspective: A fight will happen sooner than later (at least at the regional level) • China is awakening; it wants to lead at least it’s part of the world • A bad hood: Modernizing the Chinese army and increasing nukes • US trade deficit: 162 billion; Currency valuation issues and the US • Taiwan (thankfully no longer a nuke trigger) • Human rights, democracy, and the CCP: The Chinese counter model • Pent up anger: Japan

  4. US-Indian Relations Relations didn’t get off to a great start • US had good ties to India and was anti-imperialist; Gandhi was key source of inspiration for MLK • Nehru (1947-64) chose institution-building and equality (land reform) over capitalism and growth • The US assumed Nehru was a socialist and pushed India in the direction of the USSR; we thus helped Pakistan. • Nehru really wanted a “third” way” for the “non-aligned mvt”; joined Egypt’s Nasser and Yugoslavia’s Tito • Indira Gandhi played up nationalism and ordered a nuclear weapon detonated in 1974; Pakistan got technology from China and detonate in 1987. Since the end of the Cold War • Better relations despite 1998 detonation of 5 nukes and (initially) heavy sanctions • More trade and free market there; India now seen as an alternative and balance of China • US shift to prioritizing relations with democracies helps US-Indian relations • The continued sticky point: Our weapons sales to and support of Pakistan

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