Weekly Warm Ups: N4 Week 1

1. Weekly Warm Ups: N4 Week 1 3/20/17 • 1. Baby food manufacturers sometimes use proteases in their products. Proteases catalyze the breakdown of the proteins in these foods, making digestion easier for infants. Proteases are which of the following types of molecules? • A. enzymes C. hormones • B. fatty acids D. monosaccharides • 2. Although there are a limited number of amino acids, many different types of proteins exist because the • A. size of a given amino acid can vary. • B. chemical composition of a given amino acid can vary. • C. sequence and number of amino acids is different. • D. same amino acid can have many different properties. • 3. The graph below shows the rate of activity for the enzyme catalase at different temperatures. Catalase helps convert hydrogen peroxide to oxygen and water. Based on the graph, which of the following conclusions can be made about the functioning of catalase? • A. Catalase works best at 34°C. • B. Catalase is destroyed at 34°C. • C. Catalase cannot function at 51°C. • D. Catalase functions most efficiently at 51°C. • 4. Which terms would most likely be included in the explanation of the production of starch in a potato? • a. proteins, hydrolysis, and amino acids c. protein synthesis, urea, and deamination • b. photosynthesis, glucose, and dehydration synthesis d. fatty acids, glycerol, and respiration • 5. Label the molecules below as a carbohydrate, lipid, protein, or nucleic acid:

2. Weekly Warm Ups: N4 Week 1 3/21/17 • 6. A sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base form the building blocks of which organic compound? • A. Carbohydrates C. nucleic acids • B. lipids D. proteins • Like complex carbohydrates, proteins are biomolecules that serve many functions and can be chemically broken down and restructured. Both proteins and complex carbohydrates are which of the following? • A. Polymers of smaller subunits C. Lipids of large molecules • B. Sequences of sugars D. Nucleotides of DNA • 8. Each of these represents a different biomolecule. Which of the following is a carbohydrate? • 9. Which biomolecule is properly matched to its monomer? • A. nucleic acid : amino acid • B. polypeptide : 1 glycerol + 3 fatty acids • C. lipid : nucleotide • D. carbohydrate : monosaccharide • 10. Nucleic acids are biomolecules. Which of the following is the function of nucleic acids? • A. Serve as the primary structural unit of biological membranes • B. Serve as energy storage • C. Store and transmit genetic information • D. Serve as biological catalysts

3. Weekly Warm Ups: N4 Week 1 3/22-23/17 • 11. One function of lipids is to store energy. What is another function of lipids in the human body? • A. To form plasma membranes C. To control chemical reactions • B. To make energy from the sun D. To provide quick energy for the cell • 12. The molecule in the diagram plays what role in the body? • A. Releasing energy • B. Forming part of the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA • C. Storing fat • D. Controlling blood glucose levels • 13. Why is maintenance of a constant blood pH critical for body processes? • A. Blood with a high pH helps prevent cancer. • B. Enzymes work best within a narrow pH range. • C. The production of vitamin C by skin cells requires low pH values. • D. Some bacteria thrive in very acidic conditions. • 14. Organisms living in a bog environment must be able to tolerate nitrogen-poor acidic conditions. Bog plants such as the Venus flytrap and sundew are able to obtain their nitrogen by attacking and consuming insects. These plants produce chemicals that break down the insects into usable compounds. These chemicals present in the bog plants that break down the insects mentioned in the reading passage are most likely— • A. hormones. C. enzymes. • B. lipids. D. carbohydrates.

4. Weekly Warm Ups: N4 Week 1 3/24/17 • 15. Line B in the given graph represents the reaction with an enzyme added to substrates. How did the enzyme affect the reaction? • A. Increased the activation energy C. Lowered the energy change • B. Increase the energy change D. Lowered the activation energy • 16. Which statement is a valid conclusion based on the information in the graph below? • A. Temperature can influence the rate of action of an enzyme. • B. The maximum rate of human respiration occurs at about 57°C. • C. Growth can be controlled by enzyme action. • D. The maximum rate of human digestion occurs at about 45°C. • 17. Which of these supports the cell theory as it is stated today? • A. New cells are produced by division of existing cells. • B. All organisms are composed of more than one cell. • C. Cells must contain a nucleus. • D. Not all cells are alive. • 18. Under a microscope, a series of cells are observed that lack membrane-bound internal organelles. Which of these is the most likely celltype? • A. Plant cell C. Eukaryotic cell • B. Animal cell D. Prokaryotic cell • 19. A student observes that a type of eubacteria contains chlorophyll. Which of these does this type of bacteria have in common with plants? • A. It is photosynthetic. C. It contains mitochondria. • B. It contains vascular tissues. D. It is heterotrophic.