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Bellringer

Bellringer. Have out your three pages from the FR book Complete the SOL Wrap-Up on the French Revolution so far to review for your quiz! BJOTD: What did the fish say when it hit a wall?. The Rise and Fall of Napoleon. Napoleon Takes Control. Napoleon was very short—about 5 foot 3 inches

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Bellringer

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  1. Bellringer • Have out your three pages from the FR book • Complete the SOL Wrap-Up on the French Revolution so far to review for your quiz! • BJOTD: What did the fish say when it hit a wall?

  2. The Rise and Fall of Napoleon

  3. Napoleon Takes Control • Napoleon was very short—about 5 foot 3 inches • BUT he was a military genius and had control over the armies of France by 1799

  4. Background • 1799: the Directory had lost control of the political situation and the confidence of the French people. It urged Napoleon to take control of France • He quickly took the power from the Directory

  5. Napoleon’s quick rise to power is known as a coup d’etat • Means a quick take-over of the government

  6. An anti-French coalition formed between Britain, Austria, and Russiaaimed to drive out Napoleon • Napoleon went to war and eventually, through fighting and diplomacy, all nations signed a peace agreement with France

  7. By 1802: Europe was at peace for the first time in 10 years. • Napoleon could concentrate on restoring order to France.

  8. Napoleon Rules France • At first, Napoleon pretended to have been “chosen” by the people by holding a vote to approve his new constitution • The people approved the new constitution • The new constitution gave all the real power in France to the first consul (Napoleon) • This was the FIRST time all people in France got to vote (except women)

  9. How Napoleon Restored Order • Efficient tax collecting system • Established a national bank • Got rid of corrupt officials • Set up government-run schools • Signed an agreement with Pope Pius VII • Passed the Napoleonic Code • Supported freedom of religion and forbade privileges based on birth (government jobs go to those best qualified) • Influenced the laws of many other countries

  10. Napoleonic Code (Don’t Write) • The French longed for structure and organization • It preserved the social aims of the Revolution. • It protected the interests of the rising middle class. • It promoted order over individual rights.

  11. Napoleon as Emperor • In 1804, Napoleon decided he wanted to be Emperor of France • The voters supported this ideas • December 2, 1804, Napoleon took the crown of France from the Pope and put it on his own head

  12. Processing • Who was Napoleon Bonaparte and how did he gain power in France?  • What was the Napoleonic Code and why was it important? • What was the significance (importance) of Napoleon crowning himself Emperor? 

  13. Napoleon Creates an Empire • Not only did Napoleon want to rule France, but he wanted to rule the rest of Europe and the New World

  14. France in the New World • 1789: the idea of revolution had reached Haiti, France’s colony in the Caribbean • They wanted the same rights as the former 3rd Estate in France, so they stopped making sugar • Napoleon sent 29,000 troops to restore the production of sugar, but the colony (led by Toussaint L’Ouverture) and its slaves were hard to beat

  15. Napoleon could not win, so he ended up selling the land to the U.S. for $15 million • The money helped France’s economy and gave Napoleon the money to try and take over Europe

  16. Napoleon and Europe • First: took parts of Netherlands and Italy • Britain, Russia, Austria, and Sweden feared Napoleon and set up an alliance against France • Napoleon, through several battles, conquered the largest European Empire since Rome • Had peace treaties with Russia, Austria, and Prussia

  17. Napoleon was unable to beat Great Britain • Britain was known for its strong navy that beat Napoleon and his navy at the Battle of Trafalgar

  18. Napoleon’s Empire • 1812: the only nations not under France’s rule were Britain, the Ottoman Empire, Portugal, and Sweden • The large empire prompted the growth of nationalism among the conquered nations • Nationalism: the belief that one’s greatest loyalty should be to your nation and your people rather than a king or a leader • Although the empire was large, it only lasted for 5 years before it started to collapse.

  19. Processing • What was the benefit(s) of Napoleon selling off French territory in the New World? • What is nationalism and how do Americans display nationalism today?

  20. Napoleon’s Empire Collapses • Napoleon made 3 mistakes • 1st: the Continental System—In November of 1806, Napoleon called for a blockade of all ports to limit Great Britain’s influence. This was called the Continental System. Its goal was to destroy GB’s economy and make Europe self-sufficient. • GB made its own blockade and with its stronger navy, it had better luck. This hurt France’s economy.

  21. 2nd: The Peninsular War—1808-Portugal was ignoring the Continental System, so Napoleon sent an army through Spain to invade Portugal. This upset the Spanish, so Napoleon kicked out their King and appointed his brother. • Napoleon also outlawed the Spanish Inquisition • For 5 years, Spanish guerillas struck at French armies in Spain (the Peninsular War). Napoleon lost 300,000 men. • In Spain and across Europe, nationalism (loyalty to one’s own country) was becoming a powerful weapon against Napoleon

  22. 3rd: Invasion of Russia—1812:Russia and Napoleon both wanted Poland, and Russia refused to stop selling grain to Great Britain. • June 1812: Napoleon invaded Russia. The Russians retreated, burning their own lands as they went. • How would the burning of Russian lands affect the French?

  23. Napoleon reached Moscow, but the Russians burned it down too • Napoleon turned around, but the Russians attacked his weak, cold, and starving army the whole way back to France. By the end, Napoleon had 10,000 men left out of an original 690,000

  24. Napoleon’s Downfall • Napoleon’s enemies took advantage of his weak army. Britain, Austria, Prussia, Russia, and Sweden joined forces and defeated Napoleon. • April 1814: Napoleon surrendered his throne. He was given a small pension and banished to Elba.

  25. Napoleon Comes Back: The Hundred Days • New king in France (Louis XVIII) was unpopular • Napoleon escaped his prison on Elba and on March 1, 1815, landed in France • Within days, he was Emperor again

  26. Other European countries sent their armies in response • France and the other countries met and fought at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815 • France lost, and Napoleon was sent back into exile on St. Helena • Died in 1821 of stomach cancer • France is left without a ruler, and Europe is in chaos…what will happen next?

  27. Newspaper Article • Goal: to write a newspaper article that describes Napoleon’s rise to and fall from power. • Requirements: • Headline • 1st paragraph rise • 2nd paragraph fall • 3rd personal opinion of Napoleon and his work • 100 words

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