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Errors and Exceptions in Chromosomal Inheritance

Errors and Exceptions in Chromosomal Inheritance. By: Ryan and Victor. The Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance. The chromosomal theory of inheritance is the idea that genes, the units of heredity, are physical in nature and are found in the chromosomes.

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Errors and Exceptions in Chromosomal Inheritance

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  1. Errors and Exceptions in Chromosomal Inheritance By: Ryan and Victor

  2. The Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance • The chromosomal theory of inheritance is the idea that genes, the units of heredity, are physical in nature and are found in the chromosomes. • Chromosomes are seen in all dividing cells and are passed from generation to generation.

  3. Errors in Chromosomal Inheritance • When chromosomes are passed down to the next generation during replication, some abnormalities may occur. • These abnormalities typically occur as a result of errors in meiosisor mitosis. • Nondisjunction, deletion, duplication, inversion, and translocation are the main causes of error in chromosomes.

  4. Nondisjunction • Nondisjunction is the uneven separation ofchromosomes during the process of meiosis 1 and meiosis 2 • The abnormality in chromosome number found in the cells is called aneuploidy

  5. Deletion • Deletion occurs when a segment of the chromosome is deleted which also changes the whole chromosome • Without the correct chromosome structure, the offspring can be deformed or end up dying

  6. Duplication • Duplication occurs when a segment of the chromosome is repeated • The broken off segment that caused deletion can be attached to the sister chromatid • Advantage: If extra DNA codes for the production of protein, our bodies will benefit from the excess • Disadvantage: If extra DNA codes for a disease, the person is more likely to get the disease

  7. Inversion • Inversion occurs when a segment of DNA breaks off and reattaches itself backwards • There are no drastic consequences in inversion but there are suspicions that it may cause an increased risk to miscarriages

  8. Translocation • Translocation occurs when a segment of the chromosome joins or attaches to a non-homologous chromosome • This event can be interchangeable with the non-homologous chromosome (the non-homologous can exchange its segment)

  9. Can you tell which type of error is shown? Explain your answer.

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