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Romanticism and Music

Romanticism and Music. By: Meghan, Britt, Carly, and Erica. How is Romanticism displayed in music?. Emphasis on emotion and great freedom of form Romanticism also emphasized: the individual the subjective the irrational the imaginative the personal the spontaneous the visionary

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Romanticism and Music

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  1. Romanticism and Music By: Meghan, Britt, Carly, and Erica

  2. How is Romanticism displayed in music? • Emphasis on emotion and great freedom of form • Romanticism also emphasized: • the individual • the subjective • the irrational • the imaginative • the personal • the spontaneous • the visionary • the transcendental

  3. How is Romanticism displayed in music continued... • Composers pushed all instruments to the limits of their expressiveness • Expanded the range to explore the entire chromatic scale, and linked instrumentation with the human voice • When a composition had words, the romantic influence can be especially evident • poetic texts, legends, and folk tales, and the linking of words and music either programmatically or through forms such as the concert overture and incidental music is common

  4. Comparing Music During the Romantic Era and the Classical Era

  5. Classical Era (1750-1820) • Characteristics: • Simple melodies: “Sonatas” (one or two instruments) • Piano • Emphasis on balance, restraint, beauty, and elegance • Homophonic • Easily remembered melodies • Unexpected pauses, syncopations, and frequent changes from long notes to shorter ones • Popular Composers: • Mozart, Beethoven, Joseph Haydn, Franz Schubert

  6. Ludwig Van Beethoven Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Franz Schubert

  7. Romantic Era (1850-1920) • Characteristics: • Artistic freedom, experimentation, creativity, expressive, and nationalism • Contained warm, personal melodies; expressive indications, implied interpretive freedom and harmonic color • Color was intensified by improvements in instruments, particularly the piano. • Combined Romantic poetry with voice and piano • waltz, mazurka, polonaise, and etude • Popular Composers: • Brahms, Schumann, Chopin, Wagner, Bach

  8. Romantic Era Cont. • MELODY: Long, lyrical melodies with irregular phrases; extensive use of chromaticism ; vivid contrasts • RHYTHM: Frequent changes in both tempo and time signatures. • TEXTURE: Almost entirely homophonic. • TIMBRE: A great variety of tone color; woodwind and brass sections of the orchestra increased; many special orchestral effects introduced; rich and colorful orchestration.

  9. Johannes Brahms Robert Schumann Johann Sebastian Bach

  10. American Involvement in Romantic Music • There were several provident American romantic practitioners: • Louis Moreau Gottschak • Pianist and composer • Born in New Orleans • Moved to Europe in 1942 and came back to United Sates in 1953 • 1960-1965 were most famous years • Known for combining African and Latin rhythms with classical European style

  11. American Involvement Cont. • John Knowles Paine • First American-born composer to achieve fame for his large-scale orchestral performances • Born in Portland, Maine • In 1958 traveled to Germany to study music • Came back in 1962 and became the first professor of music at Harvard

  12. America’s small involvement • America had little involvement in the Music era of the Romantic movement 1. Industrial Revolution • Happened at the same time (1820-1870) • America was heavily involved in the Industrial Revolution 2. European Composers stayed strictly in Europe -Most of the European composers didn’t travel on American Tours -Most Americans didn’t know about movement until later on

  13. American Involvement Cont. • John Phillip Sousa • Born in Washington, D.C. • Started musical studies at around age 6 • Didn’t travel to Europe to study music; several European tours • Conducted the U.S. marine band

  14. America’s small involvement cont. 3. During the Romantic period, American composers were still classical -Before the Romantic music period was classical music period -At the time that classical music period was over in Europe, just beginning in U.S. -America was a celebrating classical music at time of Romantic movement

  15. How did the music during the Romantic Era differ from the music directly after it?

  16. Romantic vs 20th Century • Going from Romanticism to 20th century modernism was a change that would forever change the course of history

  17. Romantic vs 20th Century • Stylistic Changes were being made in: • European Countries • Nonwestern Countries • America • Paris was the center for music, art, and literature during the early years of this period • Impressionism evolved out of this during the second half of the 19th century

  18. Romantic vs 20th Century • Impressionism • Reaction to Romanticism in France • Focused on suggestion and atmosphere rather than strong emotion or the depiction of a story • Less use of major and minor scales • Goes for a more dissonant sound (clashing notes) • Longer compositions vs. shorter ones

  19. Romantic vs 20th Century • Expressionism was the German version of impressionism • Typical instruments were: • Woodwinds, strings, piano, and small chamber ensembles • Nationalism- • This played a large part in romantic music, but not so much in 20th century music, because it placed a large emphasis on the importance of local traditions and customs and 20th century music hardly emphasized this at all

  20. Overall, the Main Differences… • Less emotions, more how the world was actually perceived (impressionist music) • Less spirituality, more focus on concrete things (neoclassicism) • Less focus on melodies and rhythms (more diverse) • Less of an interest in the past

  21. Major Romantic Composers

  22. Ludwig van Beethoven • 1770-1827 • Bonn, Germany • Deaf at age 28 • Music writing techniques: Sloppy, always making corrections • Popular compositions: Eroica(third symphony), Beethoven’s Fifth, Fidelio • Famous Piano Sonatas: Pathétique, Moonlight, WaldsteinandAppassionata

  23. Felix Mendelssohn • February 3, 1809 – November 4, 1847 • Hamburg, Germany • Conservative musical taste • Famous pieces: • Wedding March • Violin Concerto in E Minor, op. 64 • A Midsummer Night's Dream

  24. Robert Schumann • June 8, 1810 - July 29, 1856 • Zwickau, Germany • Inspired by Schubert and Mendelssohn • Famous pieces • Papillons • Carnaval • Kreisleriana

  25. Frederic Chopin • March 1, 1810- Oct. 17, 1849 • Zelazowa Wola, Poland • Wrote his first composition at age 7 • Famous Pieces • Polonaise • Nocturne Op9, No2 • Funeral March

  26. Johannes Brahms • 7 May 1833 - 3 April 1897 • Hamburg, Germany • Major creative block during the mid-1850s • Famous Pieces • Double Concerto • Liebeslieder Waltzes • Academic Festival Overture

  27. Works Cited "Felix Mendelssohn (1809 - 1847)." MFiles. Music Files Ltd. , n.d. Web. 26 Apr.  2010. <http://www.mfiles.co.uk>. "Frederic Chopin." 8notes. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Apr. 2010.       <http://www.8notes.com>. "Johannes Brahms." Self Confidence or Modesty. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Apr. 2010. <http://www.mcs.csueastbay.edu>. "Robert Schumann." Guitar Press. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Apr. 2010. <http://guitarpress.com>.

  28. Works Cited • "The 20th Century." Fine Arts Society. Fine Arts Society, 25 Apr. 2010. Web. 25 Apr 2010. <http://www.fasindy.org/education/twentieth/>.

  29. Works Cited • "The Classical Era." Think Quest. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Apr. 2010. http:// www.library.thinkquest.org • Criswell, Chad. "Romanticism in Music." Suite101. N.p., 16 Apr. 2006. Web. 30 Mar. 2010. <http://musicappreciation.suite101.com/article.cfm/ thebirthofromanticism>. • "Romanticism in Music." InfoPlease. HighBeam Research, 2007. Web. 27 Mar. 2010.   <http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/ent/A0860800.html>. • "Romantic Music ." RP Fuller. Richard Fuller, 15 Feb. 2010. Web. 25 Apr. 2010. <http://www.rpfuller.com>. • "The Romantic Period." Mostly Wind. Carole B. Miller, 10 Feb. 2009. Web. 25 Apr. 2010. <http://www.mostlywind.co.uk>. • Schmidt-Jones, Catherine. "Music of the Romantic Era." Connexions. N.p., 19   Sept. 2008. Web. 28 Mar. 2010. <http://cnx.org/content/m11606/latest/>.

  30. Works Cited • Criswell, Chad. “Romanticism in Music.” Suite 101. N.p., 16 Apr. 2006. Web. 20 Apr. 2010. <http://musicappreciation.suite101.com/‌article.cfm/‌thebirthofromanticism>. • Fuller, Richard. “Romantic Music.” Richard Fuller. N.p., 15 Feb. 2010. Web. 23 Apr. 2010. • “Romanticism (music).” TalkTalk. Tiscali, 2010. Web. 24 Apr. 2010. <http://www.talktalk.co.uk/‌reference/‌encyclopaedia/‌hutchinson/‌m0019061.html>. • Schmidt-Jones, Catherine. “Music of the Romantic Era.” Connections. N.p., 19 Sept. 2008. Web. 22 Apr. 2010. <http://cnx.org/‌content/‌m11606/‌latest/>.

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