SSUSH6 The student will analyze the impact of territorial expansion and population growth and

1. SSUSH6 The student will analyze the impact of territorial expansion and population growth and the impact of this growth in the early decades of the new nation. a. Explain the Northwest Ordinance’s importance in the westward migration of Americans, and on slavery, public education, and the addition of new states. b. Describe Jefferson’s diplomacy in obtaining the Louisiana Purchase from France and the territory’s exploration by Lewis and Clark. c. Explain major reasons for the War of 1812 and the war’s significance on the development of a national identity. d. Describe the construction of the Erie Canal, the rise of New York City, and the development of the nation’s infrastructure. e. Describe the reasons for and importance of the Monroe Doctrine

2. Territorial growththe northwest ordinance • Congress passed the Northwest ordinance in 1787 • Divided into smaller territories • Provided guidelines for newstates • Made slavery illegal in territory(slave owners already there could keep slaves) • Authorities in the area made laws to make it difficult for blacks to move in.

3. Territorial growth The Louisiana purchase

4. As president, Jefferson wanted to control trade on the Mississippi River. • He sent representatives to France to negotiate the purchase of New Orleans. • At first Napoleon was not interested in selling • But surprised Jefferson by offering to sell the entire territory. • Jefferson accepted the offer. Thomas Jefferson

5. The Louisiana Purchase of 1803 was the United States’ largest land purchase • The purchase roughly doubled the country’s size.

6. Lewis & Clark Expedition

7. Lewis & Clark Expedition • Jefferson appointed his personal secretary, Meriwether Lewis to find a water route to the Pacific Ocean. • Lewis chose William Clark to help him. • They departed from St. Louis May 1804. • Many people thought they had died • But they returned September 1806

8. Lewis & Clark • They brought back valuable information about the Oregon & Louisiana Territories. • The expedition led to rapid migration of settlers to pacific northwest. • The pathway the settlers followed became known as the Oregon trail.

9. Expansion & education • As the nation grew and spread out leaders wanted to make sure the country maintained a sense of unity & national values. • They used public education as a tool to encourage these principles. • They also felt the united states must educate it’s population in order to compete with other nations. • A number of states included guaranteed public education in their constitutions.

10. Noah Webster • Noah Webster was a key leader in the early education movement. • He compiled the first U.S. dictionary. • He helped to forge a national language • He helped unify educational standards.

11. National identity

13. War of 1812 Cause #1 British provided Native Americans with guns & encouraged them to resist Americans.

14. War of 1812 Cause #2 Americans felt threatened by the presence of British in Canada and thought they might be able to take Canada.

15. War of 1812 Cause #3 British Navy’s policy ofimpressments

16. Impressments My dad often tried to impress me into his service. Taking U.S. sailors captive and forcing them to serve in the British navy.

17. War of 1812 Events President Madison Declares War June 18, 1812

18. War of 1812 Events British burn capital in Washington D.C.

19. War of 1812 Events Americans win at the Battle of Fort McHenryAt this battle Francis Scott Key was inspired to write the Star-Spangled Banner (The National Anthem)

20. War of 1812 Events Following American victories under the leadership of Andrew Jackson at Horseshoe Bend and the Battle of New Orleans (tech. after the treaty). The Treaty of Ghent is signed. No one really won the war – no land was exchanged.

21. War of 1812 AFTERMATH Showed the U.S. could defend itself

22. War of 1812 AFTERMATH The Federalist Party had opposed the war and lost support – the party would fade away.

23. War of 1812 AFTERMATH Americans had a great deal of pride in the country following the war.

24. War of 1812 AFTERMATH During the war Americans found it hard to ship products overseas. As a result Americans were forced to supply themselves. This led to improved agriculture and manufacturing in America.

25. National Identity New York city & the Erie canal

26. New York city New York city benefited from the changes that followed the war of 1812. In 1798, Samuel Slater opened a textile mill. Using mass production he revolutionized the industry. Textile mills in New York City would make it a key economic center of the U.S.

27. New York City New York’s port made it a center for shipping & trade It was also an arrival point for thousands of foreign immigrants. The city’s population, industries, and ethnic diversity grew incredibly in the years following the War of 1812

28. The Erie Canal New York City also prospered because of the completion of the Erie Canal in 1825 The canal provided a new shipping route from Lake Erie to the Hudson River.

29. The Erie Canal Man made water route from Lake Erie to the Hudson River

30. The canal would expand the market of NYC it allowed people to travel much more cheaply and easily.

31. Robert Fulton’s Steam boat • Along with Fulton’s invention of the steam-powered boat, the Erie canal greatly enhanced the economy of New York city & the northeastern United states.

32. Henry Clay’s America System The war of 1812 exposed the danger of relying too much on foreign imports In 1824 Secretary of state henry clay proposed the American system.

33. Clay’s American system • The American system called for measures to improve the nation’s economy & infrastructure. • Protective tariff – a tax on imports • Internal improvements – such as canals & roadways (paid for with tariff revenue) • Second national bank – the charter of the first national bank had expired (Clay felt that the bank would make interstate commerce easier and stabilize the currency)

34. The Monroe doctrine With the end of the war of1812 & the Federalist party the U. S. entered a period of national pride and political unity. This period was known as the Era of Good feelings. During this period president James Monroe issued the Monroe doctrine in 1823

36. IN what ways did the war of1812 help to forge national unity? • What was infrastructure and what was Clay’s plan designed to build it? • What was the Monroe doctrine? • What was the effect of the Erie canal? • What were the results of the war of 1812?

37. The Monroe Doctrine • The U. S. would not tolerate European intervention in the affairs of any independent nation in the Americas. • The American continents were not open to European colonization • Any attempt to colonize would be considered an act of aggression • American would not interfere in the affairs of other American countries nor those of europe