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Planetary Motion

Planetary Motion. Planetary Orbits. Two forces work together to keep objects in the universe in orbit. Inertia. Inertia – Objects in motion stay in motion, objects at rest stay at rest unless acted upon by an outside force. Gravity.

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Planetary Motion

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  1. Planetary Motion

  2. Planetary Orbits • Two forces work together to keep objects in the universe in orbit.

  3. Inertia • Inertia – Objects in motion stay in motion, objects at rest stay at rest unless acted upon by an outside force.

  4. Gravity • Gravity – the force of attraction between objects due to their mass. • Law of Universal Gravitation • The gravitational force increases as the mass of the object increases • The gravitational force decreases as the distance between object increases.

  5. Interacting Between Gravity and Inertia • Gravity pulls an orbiting body in as inertia makes it want to continue traveling in a straight line.

  6. Four possible paths an orbiting body could take • Hyperbolic Orbit –too much inertia • Spiral Orbit (impact) – too little ineria

  7. Four possible paths continued • Circular orbit – PERFECT balance between inertia and gravity. • Elliptical orbit – a balance between inertia and gravity that keeps an object in obit. The orbit takes on an elliptical path.

  8. Other Factors • The gravitational pull of other objects can influence the orbital path of an object.

  9. Elliptical Orbits • Ellipse – an elongated closed curve • Has two foci – the sun (or body being orbited is located at one of the foci)

  10. Elliptical orbits • Eccentricity - A ratio that describes the shape of an ellipse • Eccentricity= distance between foci length of the major axis • The higher the eccentricity the more elongated the ellipse

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