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CIVIL WAR BATTLES. US History 122. The military status in 1861 – Who’s in better shape?. First Battle of Bull Run. AKA First Battle of Manassas July 21, 1861. The morning of the battle. GENERAL P.G.T. BEAUREGARD – Confederates GENERAL IRWIN MCDOWELL - Union. The attack at noon.
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CIVIL WAR BATTLES US History 122
First Battle of Bull Run • AKA First Battle of Manassas • July 21, 1861
The morning of the battle GENERAL P.G.T. BEAUREGARD – Confederates GENERAL IRWIN MCDOWELL - Union
Significance of First Battle of Bull Run: • Confederates win • This leads to overconfidence and even desertion • The North realized this war would be more difficult than they had anticipated • Thomas Jackson gets the nickname “Stonewall”
THE WAR IN THE EAST • Union General George McClellan begins the Peninsular Campaign in the spring of 1862 • Union troops attempt to take the Confederate capitol of Richmond, Virginia
The Seven Days’ Battle McCLELLAN DEFEATED – PENINSULAR CAMPAIGN FAILS
THE WAR ON THE RIVERS • Union General Ulysses S. Grant wins a series of battles in 1862
Union wins atForts Henry and Donelson • Ft. Henry on the Tennessee River - Feb. 5, 1862 • Ft. Donelsonon the Cumberland River on Feb. 15, 1862
Battle of Shiloh • April 6-7, 1862 • The Confederates won the first day • But General Grant refused to retreat • The Union won the battle • 13,000 Union and 10,000 Confederate casualties
NAVAL BATTLE:Monitor vs. Merrimack -In 1861 the US navy destroyed several boats in the shipyard in Norfolk, Virginia -The CSS Merrimack was only partially burnt however
The Merrimack • The Merrimack was rebuilt with an ironclad hull as the CSS Virginia • The Virginia destroyed ships in Chesapeake Bay and threatened the northern blockade
The Monitor • The Union built its own ironclad in response • The USS Monitor was completed in only 100 days
The Battle of Hampton Roads • March 9, 1862 • The 2 boats fought to a draw
The Merrimack (aka Virginia) Destroyed! • Although there was no real winner of this battle, a few months later the CSS Virginia was destroyed in port
Second Battle of Bull Run • August 29-30, 1862 • General Lee vs. General John Pope • Important Confederates include Stonewall Jackson and James Longstreet • The Union Army reported 16,054 men killed, wounded, or missing; Lee reported 9,197 killed, wounded, or missing. • This was a big win for the Confederates
Battle of Antietam • September 17, 1862 in Maryland • Confederate General Lee vs. Union General McClellan • One of the bloodiest days of the war – Union victory
Lincoln, McClellan, and other military leaders at the battlefield
Battle of Fredericksburg • December 13, 1862 • Confederate General Lee vs. Union General Burnside • Confederate victory
Battle of Chancellorsville • May 31,1863 • Confederate General Lee vs. yet another Union General -- Joseph Hooker • Confederates win • Confederate General Stonewall Jackson accidently shot and killed
Attack on Ft. Wagner • 1863 • Unsuccessful, but the Massachusetts 54th proved themselves
Vicksburg • Long campaign led by Gen. Grant • Siege ended July 4, 1863 • Port Hudson fell soon after and Union controlled the Mississippi