BIL 424 NETWORK ARCHITECTURE AND SERVICE PROVIDING

1. BIL 424 NETWORK ARCHITECTURE AND SERVICE PROVIDING

2. IT – INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Information technology (IT) is the use of any computers, storage, networking and other physical devices, infrastructure and processes to create, process, store, secure and exchange all forms of electronic data.

3. IT – SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE IT includes several layers of physical equipment (hardware), virtualization and management or automation tools, operating systems and applications (software) used to perform essential functions. User devices, peripherals and software, such as laptops, smartphones or even recording equipment, can be included in the IT domain. IT can also refer to the architectures, methodologies and regulations governing the use and storage of data.

4. IT – SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE Business applications include databases like SQL Server, transactional systems such as real-time order entry, email servers like Exchange, Web servers like Apache, customer relationship management and enterprise resource planning systems. These applications execute programmed instructions to manipulate, consolidate, disperse or otherwise affect data for a business purpose. Computer servers run business applications. Servers interact with client users and other servers across one or more business networks.

5. IT – SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE Storage is any kind of technology that holds information as data. Information can take any form including file data, multimedia, telephony data and Web data, data from sensors or future formats. Storage includes volatile random access memory (RAM) as well as non-volatile tape, hard disk and solid-state flash drives.

6. IT – SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE IT architectures have evolved to include virtualization and cloud computing, where physical resources are abstracted and pooled in different configurations to meet application requirements. Clouds may be distributed across locations and shared with other IT users, or contained within a corporate data center, or some combination of both deployments.

7. IT – CAREERS A team of administrators and other technical staffers deploy and manage the company's IT infrastructure and assets. IT teams depend on a wide range of specialized information and technology skills and knowledge to support equipment, applications and activities. Third-party contractors and IT vendor support personnel augment the IT team.

8. IT – PROFESSION The information technology profession is extremely diverse: IT workers can specialize in fields like software development, application management, hardware -- desktop support, server or storage administrator network architecture. Many businesses seek IT professionals with mixed or overlapping skill sets. Some businesses prefer to outsource some part of both IT services and IT workers.

9. IT SERVICE ITIL defines a Service as "a means of delivering value to customers by facilitating outcomes customers want to achieve without the ownership of specific costs and risks." In other words, when we do something for another party that gives them something they want or value, we’re providing a service. Generally speaking, because organizations want the benefits and value of email, storage, wireless networking, etc., but don’t want to take on the burden of managing those items themselves, the provider provides those things to them as a service.

10. IT SERVICE PROVIDER A service provider (SP) is a company that provides organizations with consulting, legal, real estate, education, communications, storage, processing, and many other services. Although the term service provider can refer to organizational sub-units, it is more generally used to refer to third party or outsourced suppliers, including telecommunications service providers (TSPs), application service providers (ASPs), storage service providers (SSPs), and Internet service providers (ISPs)

11. IT SERVICE PROVIDER IT professionals sometimes differentiate between service providers by categorizing them as type I, II, or III. Type I: internal service provider : This represents IT departments/service providers embedded within business units in organizations. Type II: shared service provider : which provides services to multiple business units within a corporate Type III: external service provider : which represents IT departments/Service providers external to the business organization. Type III SPs provide IT services to external customers and subsequently can be referred to as external service providers (ESPs) which range from a full IT organization/service outsource via managed services or MSPs (managed service providers) to limited product feature delivery via ASPs (application service providers).

12. IT SERVICE OUTSOURCING IT outsourcing occurs when one company (the outsourcing customer) contracts with an outsourcing vendor to provide IT services that the customer would otherwise deliver in-house. Such IT services could be disaster recovery, data storage or other IT functions. Outsourcing services for the data center can range from hosting, managing and maintaining an entire data center to more discrete data center tasks such as upgrading servers or backing up data.

13. IT SERVICE OUTSOURCING An organization would use IT outsourcing for functions ranging from infrastructure to software development, maintenance and support. For example, an enterprise might outsource its IT management because it is cheaper to contract a third party to do so than it would be to build its own in-house IT management team. Or a company might outsource all of its data storage needs because it does not want to buy and maintain its own data storage devices. Most large organizations only outsource a portion of any given IT function.

14. IT SERVICE OUTSOURCING – PROBLEMS Privacy and Security Concerns: Whenever you get a third-party involved in the day-to-day of your business, you risk exposing confidential information. By giving high clearance and authorized access to external vendors – where they will have access to some or maybe all of your company information – presents a dangerous problem. Serious background and integrity checks into the external vendor that you will partner with, will help mitigate the risk of your precious data being leaked. Your points of sabotage expand when you look outside your company walls.

15. IT SERVICE OUTSOURCING – Control Issues: By infusing an external company – who has a different workflow, business processes, management styles and operational workflow – means that you may potentially feel that you are losing control in your own company. An outsourced vendor may insist that a particularized and specific way to do things is the right way, and this may result in a clash of philosophies. There also may be concerns with turnaround time and what you may perceive as sluggish response times may feel that you are at the mercy of a third-party entity. This may result in alienation and control concerns. Performance: In the event that you do not choose the right partner for outsourcing, there may be some performance problems. An outsourced vendor may stretch delivery time frames, provide second-rate quality output etc.

16. SERVICE PROVIDERS Types of service providers: Application service provider (ASP) Communication service provider (NSP) Internet service provider (ISP) Managed service provider (MSP) Storage service provider (SSP) Online service provider Payment service provider (PSP) ...

17. INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER An Internet service provider (ISP) is an organization that provides services for accessing, using, the Internet. Internet service providers may be organized in various forms, such as commercial, community-owned, non-profit, or otherwise privately owned. Internet services typically provided by ISPs include Internet access, Internet transit, domain name registration, web hosting ...

18. COMMUNICATION SERVICE PROVIDER A communications service provider or CSP is a service provider that transports information electronically, for example a telecommunications service provider. The term encompasses public and private companies in the telecom (landline and wireless), Internet, cable, satellite, and managed services businesses. The market in which a communication service provider specializes is often a function of the industry served. These industries can be divided into three categories: telecommunications, entertainment and media, and Internet/Web services.

19. MANAGED SERVICE PROVIDER Managed services is the practice of outsourcing day-to-day management responsibilities and functions as a strategic method for improving operations and cutting expenses. Managed services let an organization offload specific IT operations to a service provider, known as Managed Services Provider. The managed service provider assumes ongoing responsibility for monitoring, managing and/or problem resolution for selected IT systems and functions on organization’s behalf.

20. MANAGED SERVICE PROVIDER Managed services providers can offer services such as alerts, security, patch management, data backup and recovery for different client devices: desktops, notebooks, servers, storage systems, networks and applications. Offloading routine infrastructure management to an experienced managed services professional lets you concentrate on running your business, with fewer interruptions due to IT issues

21. MANAGED SERVICE PROVIDER - Common managed services include but are not limited to: Authentication Applications Databases Information Services Backup Data Recovery Storage Security 24/7/365 Monitoring Help Desk/Service Desk Network Management User Management Data Management Systems Management

22. MANAGED SERVICE PROVIDER - Common managed services include but are not limited to: Software - Production Support and maintenance Business-to-Business Integration Supply Chain Management Communication Services Internet (provided by an Internet service provider) Email (provided by an Email service provider) Telephone (typically provided by a telephone company) TelePresence (provided by a TelePresence Managed Service Provider) Videoconferencing (provided by a Video Conference Managed Service Provider or by a Video Managed Service Provider) Voice over Internet Protocol (Provided by a VoIP service provider)

23. STORAGE SERVICE PROVIDER A Storage service provider (SSP) is a company that provides computer storage space and related management services. Storage service providers also offer periodic backup, archiving and the ability to consolidate data from multiple company locations so that data can be effectively shared. As businesses face the challenges of managing growing data volumes, addressing big data issues, and building an integrated cloud strategy, these challenges drive the importance of planning, integrating, managing, and supporting their storage infrastructures. SSP provides solutions to these problems.

24. STORAGE SERVICE PROVIDER Advantages of managed storage are that more space can be ordered as required.Depending upon the SSP, backups may also be managed. Faster data access can be ordered as required. Also, maintenance costs may be reduced, particularly for larger organizations who store a large or increasing volumes of data. Another advantage is that best practices are likely to be followed.

25. STORAGE SERVICE PROVIDER Some disadvantages are: the cost may be prohibitive, for small organizations or individuals who deal with smaller amounts or static volumes of data there's less control of data systems problems with privacy and security of the data problems with integrity of the data problems with data avaibility

26. APPLICATION SERVICE PROVIDER An Application Service Provider (ASP) is a business providing computer-based services to customers over a network; such as access to a particular software application (such as customer relationship management) using a standard protocol (such as HTTP).

27. APPLICATION SERVICE PROVIDER – TRIGERING REASONS

28. APPLICATION SERVICE PROVIDER The need for ASPs has evolved from the increasing costs of specialized software that have far exceeded the price range of small to medium-sized businesses. As well, the growing complexities of software have led to huge costs in distributing the software to end-users. Through ASPs, the complexities and costs of such software can be cut down. In addition, the issues of upgrading have been eliminated from the end-firm by placing the load on the ASP to maintain up-to-date services, 24 x 7 technical support, physical and electronic security and in-built support for business continuity and flexible working.

29. APPLICATION SERVICE PROVIDER

30. APPLICATION SERVICE PROVIDER Common features associated with ASPs include: ASP fully owns and operates the software application(s) ASP owns, operates and maintains the servers that support the software ASP makes information available to customers via the Internet or a "thin or thick client« ASP bills on a "per-use" basis or on a monthly/annual fee

31. APPLICATION SERVICE PROVIDER The advantages to this approach include: Software integration issues are eliminated from the client site Software costs for the application are spread over a number of clients Vendors can build more application experience than the in-house staff Key software systems are kept up to date, available, and managed for performance by experts Improved reliability, availability, scalability and security of internal IT systems A provider's service level agreement guarantees a certain level of service Access to product and technology experts dedicated to available products Reduction of internal IT costs to a predictable monthly fee Redeploying IT staff and tools to focus on strategic technology projects that impact the enterprise's bottom line

32. APPLICATION SERVICE PROVIDER Some inherent disadvantages include: The client must generally accept the application as provided since ASPs can only afford a customized solution for the largest clients The client may rely on the provider to provide a critical business function, thus limiting their control of that function and instead relying on the provider Changes in the ASP market may result in changes in the type or level of service available to clients Integration with the client's non-ASP systems may be problematic

33. APPLICATION SERVICE PROVIDER – CRITICAL PROBLEMS • Data security and privacy • Service and support quality • Lifetime of ASP’s

34. CLOUD COMPUTING Cloud computing is the delivery of computing as a service rather than a product, whereby shared resources, software, and information are provided to computers and other devices as a metered service over a network (typically the Internet). According to NIST Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction

35. CLOUD COMPUTING – SERVICE MODELS Cloud Computing = Software as a Service + Platform as a Service+ Infrastructure as a Service

36. CLOUD COMPUTING – SERVICE MODELS

37. KAYNAKLAR • The Technical Site of Being an Internet Service Provider, IBM Press. • ASP Configuration Handbook: Become an ASP. Syngress.