Nouns Person, place, thing, or idea Common (n )

Nouns • Person, place, thing, or idea • Common (n) • names a general noun; begins with lower case letter (city) • Proper (N) • names a specific noun; begins with capital letter (Atlanta)

Possessive (pos n, pos N) • shows ownership (girl’s, Roger’s) • Concrete • Names an object that occupies space or that can be recognized by any of the senses(child, drum, thunder) • Abstract • Names an idea, a quality, or a characteristic (excitement, bravery, happiness) • Collective • Names a group (army, team, committee, choir)

Verbs • Shows action or helps to make a statement • Action (av) • Shows action • She wrote a note. • Linking (lv) • Links two words together • Can be linking: is, be, am, are, was, were, been, being, appear, become, feel, grow, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, etc. • English is fun. (English=fun) • The flower smells pretty. (flower=pretty)

Helping (hv) • “helps” an action verb or linking verb • If a verb phrase has four verbs, the first three are helping. If it has three verbs, the first two are helping. • Can be helping: is, be, am, are, was, were, been, being, will, would, can, could, shall, should may, might, must, have, has, had, do, does, did • We have been taking notes all day. (Taking is action)

Transitive • an action verb that is followed by a word or words that answer the question what? Or whom? • Transitive verbs have a direct object • Intransitive • An action verb that is not followed by a word or words that answer the question what? Or whom?

Verb Tenses • Present (pres) • happening now (jump, talk, eat) • Past (past) • happened previously (jumped, talked, ate, fell) • Future (f) • will happen in the future (will jump, shall talk)

Pronouns (pro) • Takes the place of a noun • Personal

Possessive • Take the place of the possessive forms of nouns

Reflexive • Reflects back to self • Always adds information • Intensive • Adds emphasis to another noun or pronoun • Does not add information to the sentence. If it is omitted, the meaning of the sentence will still be the same • Often placed directly after its antecedent

Relative • Used to begin a special subject-verb word group called a subordinate clause • Interrogative • Used to form a question • Demonstrative • Points out specific persons, places, things, or ideas

Indefinite • does not refer to a definite person or thing

Nouns Person, place, thing, or idea Common (n )