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Diarrheal Diseases

Diarrheal Diseases. Aleah Walsh. It is the second leading cause of death in children under 5 years old. Diarrheal Diseases kill 1.5 million children per year. Approx. 80% of these deaths occur in Africa and Southeast Asia. There are major disparities even within regions . Russia.

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Diarrheal Diseases

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  1. Diarrheal Diseases Aleah Walsh

  2. It is the second leading cause of death in children under 5 years old

  3. Diarrheal Diseases kill1.5 million children per year

  4. Approx. 80% of these deaths occur in Africa and Southeast Asia

  5. There are major disparities even within regions Russia Afghanistan China

  6. There are major disparities even within regions Russia China Afghanistan

  7. These 7 are all in Africa!

  8. So… The question I know you’re all probably wondering…….

  9. So… The question I know you’re all probably wondering……. What is Diarrhea???

  10. Diarrhea is the passage of 3 or more loose or liquid stools per day. It is usually a symptom of an infection in the intestinal tract

  11. There are 3 types of diarrheal disease: Acute watery, acute bloody, and persistent

  12. Multiple viral, bacterial, and parasitic organisms can cause diarrhea including Cholera, ETEC, rotavirus, shigellosis, typhoid

  13. Most deaths are caused by Rotavirus

  14. Rotavirus enters the system through the mouth (can be spread by fecal-oral route) and then infects the lining of the intestines.

  15. Rotavirus destroys epithelial cells…..

  16. Rotavirus destroys epithelial cells….. And the organs in your digestive tract have an abundance of epithelial cells….

  17. Rotavirus destroys epithelial cells….. This is what causes Diarrhea. And the organs in your digestive tract have an abundance of epithelial cells….

  18. Dehydration is the most severe threat of diarrhea.

  19. There are three stages of dehydration: early dehydration, moderate dehydration, and severe dehydration

  20. Treatment is very simple… • Clean water • Sugar and Salt • Zinc Tablets • Replenish water and electrolytes lost from dehydration

  21. Prevention is Key!

  22. Diarrheal diseases are usually spread through contaminated food/water or person to person contact

  23. Prevention is Key….And as easy as 1, 2, 3 • Access to clean drinking water • Improved sanitation • Exclusive breastfeeding for first 6 months of life • Improved hygiene (personal and food) • Health education • Vaccinations

  24. There are Vaccines available for many Diarrheal Diseases.

  25. For example rotavirus(Rota Teq, Rotarix), cholera (SBL Dukoral, Shanchol, and mORCVAC), and typhoid (Vi capsular polysaccharide antigen, Ty21a live-attenuated vaccine, Inactivated whole-cell vaccines).

  26. Let’s take a closer look at how the rotavirus vaccine works…

  27. WHO • promote current policies for the management of diarrhea in developing countries • conduct research to develop and test new health delivery strategies in this area • develop new health interventions, such as the rotavirus immunization • help to train health workers, especially at community level.

  28. UNICEF & WHO 7 point plan • Fluid replacement to prevent dehydration • Zinc treatment • Rotavirus and measles vaccinations • Promotion of early and exclusive breastfeeding and vitamin A supplementation • Promotion of handwashing with soap • Improved water supply quantity and quality, including treatment and safe storage of household water • Community-wide sanitation promotion 

  29. Works Referenced • " Diarrheal Diseases." BIO Ventures for Global Health | Global Health Initiatives through Biopharmaceutical Innovation . N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Nov. 2012. <http://www.bvgh.org/Biopharmaceutical-Solutions/Global-Health-Primer/Diseases/cid/ViewDetails/ItemID/21.aspx>. • "Diarrhoeal disease." World Health Organization. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Nov. 2012. <www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs330/en/index.html>. • http://iml420.wordpress.com/information-visualization/deaths-for-diarrheal-diseases/ • http://www.earthzine.org/2011/11/10/using-remote-sensing-and-gis-tools-to-assess-the-impact-of-agricultural-practices-on-public-health-in-mexico%E2%80%99s-lerma-chapala-watershed/ • http://ocw.tufts.edu/Content/6/lecturenotes/207201/207203 • http://www.wateraidamerica.org/about_us/newsroom/new_reports_highlight_stalled_progress_against_diarrheal_disease.aspx • http://www.ipna-online.org/fundraising/rationale/ • http://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/09/health/09glob.html

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