Warm Up: What can you infer about this Political Cartoon?

1. Warm Up: What can you infer about this Political Cartoon?

2. Review Jefferson

3. 4th President: James Madison America Breaks Neutrality War of 1812

4. What do we remember about James Madison?

5. James Madison • Father of the Constitution • Wrote Bill of Rights • Wrote Federalist Papers

6. Video • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W6VQo1YjTOw

7. The Road to War: Conflict with Native Americans • During Colonial times, what kept colonists from moving west? • Between 1790-1810 As settlers moved west conflict broke out with Native Americans. • The govt tried to end fighting between settlers and NA’s in 1795 with: • Treaty of Greenville: 1795 NA’s gave up land in return for $20,000

8. Conflict with Native Americans ctd… • By 1803 Settlers push beyond Ohio into Indian Territory • Tecumseh (tih KUHM suh) and his brother, The Prophet, organized a confederation of Indian Nations to fight the Americans • The Battle of Tippecanoe • ***To anger America, Britain supplied Indians with weapons and encouraged them to attack American Settlements

9. Push For War: -The ban on trade w/ Brit and France would expire (Nonintercourse Act) -USA said whoever would stop seizing ships first, the USA would embargo the other country -French stop…so… Britain still impressing soldiers and seizing ships

10. Push For War: War Hawks Who are the War Hawks?? • Members of Congress from the West and South • Nationalism: Feeling of being proud to be from your country/devotion to ones country • War Hawks were encouraging Americans to Push for War. • *In New England many merchants did not want war, they wanted to trade with Britain Henry Clay: Leader of the War Hawks

11. Where were the War Hawks from?? West South

12. Congress Declares War President Madison was forced to break Neutrality Proclamation: • Britain still impressing soldiers and seizing ships • War Hawks Pushing for War • Britain blockade of American ports in New England

13. Brain Break!Create a “slogan” • Take a couple of Min… • Pretend you are either a War Hawk or a New England Federalist . Create a slogan you may have heard during the time period from either side. Your slogan should express one of the reasons that you favor War or resolution with Britain. • We will share! • Ex: “Pick Fruit, not fights!” –Random New England Federalist

14. The War of 1812 The United States was unprepared for war, but did have a few victories as Britain was fighting France in Europe. By 1814 the British had defeated the French and turned their attention to America.

15. Burning of Washington D.C 1814 The first Lady Dolley Madison saved important documents and a portrait of G. Wash. “Will you believe it, my sister? We have had a battle or skirmish near Bladensburg and here I am still within sound of the cannon! Mr. Madison comes not…Two messengers covered with dust come bid me fly. But here I mean to wait for him.” -Dolley Madison

16. Star Spangled Banner: Written by Francis Scott Key . Now hailed as the national anthem, the "Star Spangled Banner" was written by Francis Scott Key on the night of September 13-14, 1814. The United States was in the midst of fighting the War of 1812 against the British when Key visited the British fleet in Chesapeake Bay to negotiate the release of an American prisoner. While onboard one of the British ships, Key watched the British guns shell nearby Fort McHenry. Convinced that the fort would collapse under such heavy shelling, Key was overjoyed to see the American flag remain aloft throughout the night, prompting him to write the "Star Spangled Banner," which he originally composed as a poem entitled "The Defense of Fort M'Henry." The poem became widely popular throughout the United States and was ironically put to the tune of a British song, "To Anacreon in Heaven." The U.S. government officially declared it the national anthem in 1931.

17. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SZOfh0LaLCI

18. Battle of New Orleans • Andrew Jackson was the Hero of the Battle • 2000 British Soldiers Died, 7 Americans died • Jackson had help of Natives and African Americans • Lol!!! Battle occurred 2 weeks after the war was over… • How could this happen??

19. The Hartford Convention • Many New Englander’s were unhappy with the war. • Many Federalist delegates met in Hartford, CT. • They threatened to secede if the war ctd… • When they realized the war was over the convention ended quickly • This further weakened the dying Federalist Party

20. The War Ends….. • Treaty of Ghent ended the war Dec. 24, 1814 • “Nothing was adjusted, Nothing was Settled.” -JQAdams (Prewar conditions) • Americans felt the war was a mistake!!

21. Create: Song/Poem/Rap • Just like Francis Scott Key pretend you are a major witness to one of the events of the War of 1812. With a partner write a song/poem/rap describing the events going on around you and your feelings…some possible events are… • 1.) Conflicts with the Native Americans/Tecumseh • 2.) The British burning down Washington • 3.) The Battle of New Orleans • 4.) The Hartford Convention

22. Example: • O say, can you see, by the dawn's early light, What so proudly we hail'd at the twilight's last gleaming? Whose broad stripes and bright stars, thro' the perilous fight, O'er the ramparts we watch'd, were so gallantly streaming? And the rockets' red glare, the bombs bursting in air, Gave proof thro' the night that our flag was still there. O say, does that star-spangled banner yet wave O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave? • On the shore dimly seen thro' the mists of the deep, Where the foe's haughty host in dread silence reposes, What is that which the breeze, o'er the towering steep, As it fitfully blows, half conceals, half discloses? Now it catches the gleam of the morning's first beam, In full glory reflected, now shines on the stream: 'Tis the star-spangled banner: O, long may it wave O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave!