Magic Lens Level 1

1. Magic Lens Level 1 Parts of Speech

2. Nouns • names a person, place or thing • proper noun – specific, Capitalized • common noun – not specific, lower case • concrete nouns—objects • abstract nouns—ideas • noun of direct address—call someone by specific name • collective noun—names a group • singular noun—describes individual things • plural noun—describes multiple things

3. Pronouns • Pronoun—takes the place of a noun (the antecedent) • First person subject and object • Singular = I, me • Plural = we, us • Second person subject and object • Singular and plural = you • Third person subject and object • Singular = he, him, she, her, it • Plural = they, them • Others: • my, your, his, her, its, our, their, who, whose, whom, which, what, this, that, these, those, myself, yourself, himself, herself, themselves

4. Adjectives • Adjective—a word that modifies a noun or pronoun • Can show degree (hot, hotter, hottest) • Positive, comparative, superlative • Proper adjectives (English) • Articles • definite = the • indefinite = a, an • (Good is an adjective, not adverb)

5. Verbs • Verb—shows action, being, or links a subject to a subject complement • About the noun! • Forms of a verb • Infinitive = to do • Present participle = doing • Past = did • Past participle = done

6. Verbs • Regular verbs—you can add –d or –ed to make past tense • Irregular verbs—must be memorized (ring, ringing, rang, rung) • Helping verbs—I will have composed a symphony. • Transitive verb—acts on direct object • Intransitive—does not act on direct object • Active voice—shows the subject acting, Mrs. Wiseman discussed verbs. • Passive voice—the subject is being acted upon, Verbs were discussed.

7. Adverbs • Adverb—a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb • I swim slowly. • Mary is too tall. • I eat very quickly.

8. Preposition • Preposition—a word that shows the relationship between its object and another word in the sentence • Time—Before, during, after • Space—in, on, beside, around • Direction—to, from, toward

9. Conjunction • Conjunction—a word that joins two words or two groups of words • Coordinating conjunctions—join equals (THESE NEVER START SENTENCES) • BOYSFAN = but, or, yet, so, for, and, nor • Subordinating conjunctions—join unequals • If, as, since, when, because, etc… • Correlative conjunctions—multiple word conjunctions • Either / or, neither / nor • Conjunctive adverbs—used to begin clauses • However, furthermore, moreover, nevertheless, accordingly, therefore

10. Interjections • Interjections—shows emotion but has no grammatical function • Oh! • Ugh! • Fooey • Jeepers • Well, • Wow • Yep

11. Abbreviations • Noun = n. • Pronoun = pron. • Adjective = adj. • Verb = v. • Adverb = adv. • Preposition = prep. • Conjunction = conj. • Interjection = interj.

12. AFR Practice “Once when I was in the hiding place, Anne began to try on her new clothes, imagining what she could wear back to school.”

13. AFR Practice “Being Jewish had to feel these days as though one were standing on shifting sands—and for some, quicksand.”

14. AFR Practice “When the Omnia people did not come back to our apartment, and the police did not come to our address to look for Karel van der Hart, we decided that it was safe for him to come back into hiding with us.”

15. Downsiders Practice • “Lindsay knew that in a city of ten million rushing souls, chance meetings rarely happen more than once.”

16. Downsiders Practice • “Lindsay quickly retrieved the pocket flashlight in the bathroom junk drawer, then she made her way to the gap.”

17. Downsiders Practice • “Talon touched the grave that now stretched invisibly before him, leaving his handprint firmly in the dust as a sign that he had been there, then he left.”