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GoodFood Project WP6 Logistics RFID flexible tag with sensing capabilities for the food logistic chain

GoodFood Project WP6 Logistics RFID flexible tag with sensing capabilities for the food logistic chain. A. Scorzoni , S. Zampolli, L. Roselli, S. Donnola, F. Alimenti, I. Elmi, G.C. Cardinali CNR IMM - Sezione di Bologna and Univ. of Perugia, Italy. T. Becker EADS - München, Germany.

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GoodFood Project WP6 Logistics RFID flexible tag with sensing capabilities for the food logistic chain

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  1. GoodFood Project WP6 Logistics RFID flexible tag with sensing capabilities for the food logistic chain A. Scorzoni, S. Zampolli, L. Roselli, S. Donnola, F. Alimenti, I. Elmi, G.C. Cardinali CNR IMM - Sezione di Bologna and Univ. of Perugia, Italy T. Becker EADS - München, Germany GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  2. Outline • Workpackage Objectives • Gas Sensing Technology • RFID System • Cost • Standards • Food logistic chain and application scenario • WP6 modular approach in GoodFood • Metal Oxide Sensors • Main features of RFID • Inductive coupling: how does it work? • Preliminary experimental results • Simulations • ISO18000 • IEEE1451 GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  3. GoodFood WP6 partners: EADS - München, Germany CNR IMM - Sezione di Bologna, Italy SSSA - Pisa, Italy FHG IPM - Freiburg, Germany CSIC CNM - Barcelona, Spain URV - Terragona, Spain UB - Barcelona, Spain F. Tekniker - Eibar, Spain Group Actel - Lleida, Spain GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  4. Workpackage Objectives 1) Development of a microsystem for food quality and health hazard control 2) Assessment of food safety and quality (S&Q Ass.) along the complete logistic chain • Example: Fruit logistic, mainly • Measurement of temperature, humidity, ripening process gases and contaminants GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  5. Motivation and Innovation • So far: bar code used in the logistic chain to classify a product • There is no system available for the continuous monitoring of fruit quality during storage, transport and vending • Micro System Technology (MST) solution envisaged: • Flexible Tag Microlab (FTM) • Autonomous system (power feed) • Gas Sensing capabilities • Communication interfaces • System integration: • Strong emphasis on system integration for addressed applications • Development and optimisation of components according to system needs GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  6. Application Scenario Apple (case study in WP6), as picked from the tree, is provided with an individual, flexible tag sensing system which starts tracking the apple’s life through the logistic chain... GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  7. Application Scenario • Apple logistic chain: • Transport to the first ripening and storage house • Ripening phase in controlled atmosphere • Transport to the distributor • Storage at the distributor • Transport to the final vendor • Storage in the vendor’s storage room • Storage on the shelf • Transport to the final user’s home • Storage at the user’s home What exactly needs to be monitored during these phases? GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  8. Application Scenario • Apple quality tracers: • Physical parametersTemperature Humidity Light • Chemical parametersEthylene (fruit ripening stage, quantitative analysis)Ethanol, Acetaldehyde (fruit stress, alarm threshold)Ammonia (leakage from refrigerators, alarm threshold)O2 and CO2 concentration (during storage in controlled atm.) Very challenging microlab application proposed. Validation of the approach with a subset of the above tracers. GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  9. GF WP6 organization: on “Task Force” level Specifications, Requirements and Validation Infrared Sensor System Flexible Substrate Technologies RFID Communication Interfaces WP7 AmI Signal Processing MOX Sensor Technology GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  10. Light rH Wired Connection to AmI AmI T Flexible Tag AmI Node Reader MOX MOX MOX µC External Memory Battery The modular approach of GoodFood (WP6) RFID Interface µC GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  11. What do we need to develop? • Gas sensing technology • Ultra-low power consumption gas sensors • High-performance, quantitative analyses required • System integration technology • Polymer technology for flexible substrate development • Compatibility with device encapsulation (e.g. gas sensors) • Electronic control circuits • Ultra-low power electronics • Integration of thin-film batteries for continuos operation • RFID communication capabilities (off-the-shelf components?) • RFID communication • RF power-feed for sensors GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  12. Present gas sensing devices State-of-the art Metal Oxide Sensor hotplates feature: • Bulk micromachined, thin Si3N4 membranes with low thermal mass • Array of 4 sensors in 5x5 mm2 chip • Power consumption of each sensor approx. 60mW Devices are still too large and too power consuming for a flexible tag application ! GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  13. Improved gas sensing devices Hotplates to be realized for the WP6 microsensors: • Very small area membranes • Front-side micromachined devices • Array of 4 sensors will be smaller than 1x1 mm2 • Target power consumption of each sensor: < 5mW Devices will be suitable for flexible substrate integration, both in terms of dimensions and power consumption! GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  14. What do we need to develop? • Gas sensing technology • Ultra-low power consumption gas sensors • High-performance, quantitative analyses required • System integration technology • Polymer technology for flexible substrate development • Compatibility with device encapsulation (e.g. gas sensors) • Electronic control circuits • Ultra-low power consuming electronics • Integration of thin-film batteries for continuos operation • RFID communication capabilities (off-the-shelf components?) • RFID communication • RF power-feed for sensors GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  15. Gate Reader Tag Complete RFID System Operatingrange GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  16. High penetration in the material • Used on metal surface (e.g. Cola can) • Medium operating range • High level of power available to the transponder • Low transmission data rate 124 - 135kHz (LF) • High transmission data rate (106 kbits/s) • Cryptological function • Used very often • Medium operating range 13.56 MHz (HF) • Long operating range • Line of sight required • Not widely used so far • Royalties 850 – 950 MHz (UHF) The most widely used frequency ranges GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004 Cost

  17. Bar-Code or RFID System • Either the systems help in the identification of a product • GoodFood will use a RFID system: but we’ll also need additional RF-Power Supply for sensors! GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  18. Transformer Reader Tag Different types of RFID systems Two main categories: • Inductive Coupling • Electromagnetic backscatter coupling GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  19. Inductive Coupling • Low frequency • Transformer-like • Works in the “near field” • Short operating range • Always battery-less. GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  20. Reader Tag Inductive Coupling: how does it work? Operatingrange • The Reader antenna voltage is independent of the Tag impedance (Z2) GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  21. Operatingrange • Z2 is the antenna load on the Tag Tag Tag Inductive Coupling: how does it work? Reader GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  22. Lateral Tag Central Tag Reader Antenna Experimental Phase: Environmental Conditions Apple Box GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  23. Circuit currently under test GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  24. Present (very preliminary) results Lateral Tag Central Tag U2 = 0.650 V IRL = 215µA PRL = 140 µW U2 = 0.320 V IRL = 106µA PRL = 34 µW. GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  25. i1 i1 How to improve the performance? • Increase the current of the Reader antenna • Increase the Tag dimensions • Change the geometry of the Reader antenna GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  26. Simulations |U2| Matlab® Simulation Operating frequency: 13.56 MHz Reader antenna radius: 20 cm Tag antenna radius: 6 mm Tag dimensions: 15mm  35 mm Available current on RL: 1mA The rectifier was not considered in this analysis GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  27. Cost MIT visionary target: 5 cents The cost of the Tag depends on: • Antenna • Chip • Manufacturing GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  28. Probably too highfor a single apple! Only 1 out of 100 apples could weara flexible tag, tracking the typical history of the whole apple batch Commercial sustainability? How low can the price of a flexible tag microlab be? However, end users say Several sustainable applications can be envisaged! GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  29. Some available standards Standard Committees 13.56 MHz <134 KHz 900 MHz 2.45 GHz Applications All applications ISO 18000 Retail & logistics GTAG RFID chips/tags Retail & logistics MIT (EPC) Access Control ISO 15693 Contactless cards ISO 14443 Ticketing GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  30. STIM Light MOX MOX MOX TEDS NCAP µP µP rH Flexible Tag T External Memory Battery STIM = Smart Transducer Interface Module TEDS = Transducer Electronic Data Sheet NCAP = Network Capable Application Processor IEEE1451 Wired Connection to AmI AmI RFID Interface AmI Node Reader GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  31. Work for the next future • Low-power consumption sensors • RF power supply improvement • Firmware development for C • Integration technologies on flex substrate GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  32. In conclusion… An application of the AmI paradigm to food quality assessment: What would have been, if... GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  33. GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  34. Prof. Andrea Scorzoni Tel 075 585 3639 e-mail scorzoni@diei.unipg.it GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

  35. Comparison: Bar-Code vs. RFID DataCaptureAttribute RFID Bar-Code Line - of - Sight Restriction J L Read Multiple Items Simultaneously J L Use in Harsh Environments J L Read/Write J L Hands - free Data Collection J L Cost – Reusable Tag vs. Label J L Cost – Disposable Tag vs. Label L J Speed of Reading J K Accuracy (Approaching 100%) J K Data Capacity J K Placement Flexibility J K GOODFOOD AmI workshops Florence, 15-16 July 2004

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