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CHAPTER-22

CHAPTER-22. Electric Field. Ch 22-2 Electric Field. Field: Region of space characterized by a physical property Scalar physical property- scalar field ; vector physical property- vector field The Electric Field characteristics: Exerts force on a positive test charge

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CHAPTER-22

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  1. CHAPTER-22 Electric Field

  2. Ch 22-2 Electric Field • Field: Region of space characterized by a physical property • Scalar physical property- scalar field; vector physical property- vector field • The Electric Fieldcharacteristics: Exerts force on a positive test charge • Electric field is due to a charge and surrounds it • Direction of E( given by arrow head): away from a positive charge and towards a negative charge

  3. Ch 22-3 Electric Field Lines • Space around charge filled with lines of force or electric field lines • Direction of E-field lines or direction of the tangent to a curved field line gives the direction of E at that point. • Number of E-field lines per unit area , measured in a planeto the lines, is proportional to the magnitude of E. • Closer lines, larger E and farther the lines, the weaker is E field • Parallel E field lines means uniform E-field

  4. P qo r q Ch 22-4 Electric Field Due to a Point Charge • Electric Field due to a point charge • E=F/q0=kq2/r2 • E-field due to sum of Charges: Enet=Ei =E1+E2+E3+….

  5. Ch 22-4 Electric Field Due to a Point Charge • Field between three charges: • Zero Net Field location: • For opposite charges , it is on the sides of the charges and nearer to weaker charge • For similar charges , it is between the charges and nearer to weaker charge

  6. Ch 22-5 Electric Field Due to a Electric Dipole • Electric Field Due to a Electric Dipole • Ed=2kqd/z3= (1/20) p/z3 where p is electric dipole moment given by: p=qd direction of p is taken from negative end to positive end of dipole

  7. Ch 22-8 A Point Charge in an Electric Field • The electrostatic force F on a charge q in an external field E is in the direction of E for positive charge and in opposite direction for negative charge

  8. F+ F- x-axis Ch 22-9 A Dipole in an Electric Field • Net torque on the dipole = p xE =pEsin • Negative torque for clockwise rotation =- pEsin • Positive torque for counterclockwise rotation =pEsin • Potential Energy U of a Dipole (U90=0) • U=-W=-90d= 90pEsin  d • U=-p Ecos = -p.E • Umin=-pE (=0); Umax=+pE(=180); • W=-U=-(Uf-Ui)

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