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The Significance of a Constitution and Constitutionality in a Democratic Society

The Significance of a Constitution and Constitutionality in a Democratic Society. Unit 12. Preview : Constitution. Definition Objectives Functions Legal terms Exercises. Constitution. The basic document and the supreme legal act of a State

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The Significance of a Constitution and Constitutionality in a Democratic Society

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  1. TheSignificanceof a ConstitutionandConstitutionalityinaDemocraticSociety Unit 12

  2. Preview: Constitution • Definition • Objectives • Functions • Legal terms • Exercises

  3. Constitution • Thebasicdocumentandthesupreme legal actof a State • Greatest legal force; all regulationswithin a legal system must complywith it • The most importantstrategicpoliticalact: principlesofpolitical, economicand legal development

  4. Constitution • Aims for stability • Directsthe dynamics of a society’s development • Revisionandadjustments

  5. Functionsthatremainstable: • promotionandprotectionof human rightsandfreedoms, • Building andstrenghteningofdemocraticconstitutionalinstitutions

  6. Objective • to realizetheconstitutionalprincipleoftheruleoflaw

  7. Functions • Establishesthebasis for relationsbetweencitizensandgovernment • Guarantees human rightsandfundamentalfreedoms • Prohibitscertainactionsofgovernmentalbodies (negative rights), andmandatesotheractions (social, culturalandotherrights)

  8. Functions • “forms” (constitutes) a state andits legal systemand “checks” all those who wouldwish to subjugatetheinstitutionsofthe state to theirinterestsseparationofpowers, mutual checksbetweenholdersof power (‘checksandbalances’

  9. Functions • Establishesthefundamentalprinciplesof a politicalcommunity as a democracyfounded on respect for human rightsandtheruleoflaw

  10. Functions • Legitimizes a democratic state beforetheinternationalcommunityandtowardsitscitizens • Declaresfundamentalvaluesandobjectivesof a societyurbi et orbi

  11. Functions • Expressesthewillandintent to respecttheachievementsofmodern legal civilization • Setstheframeofthedemocraticadjustmentofinterestsand for theirexpressionthroughlegislation

  12. Legal terms • Ruleoflaw • Thedoctrinethat all persons are equalbeforethelaw; governmentbased on the general acceptanceofthelaw

  13. Legal terms • Negative rights • Therightswhichpermit or oblige to inaction

  14. Legal terms • Separationofpowers • Thepowersofgovernment are dividedinthreedistinctbranches: legislative, executiveandjudicial

  15. Vocabularypractice: form new wordsbyaddingsuffixesandprefixes • Division • Divisional • Divisible • indivisible

  16. form new wordsbyaddingsuffixesandprefixes • Develop • Development • Undeveloped • Underdeveloped • developmental

  17. form new wordsbyaddingsuffixesandprefixes • Fundamental • Fundamentalist • Fundamentalism • fundamentally

  18. Make a new word bycombining it with a prefix or a suffix • ____altered • Thefunctionshaveremained ____ for decades (havenotchanged) • ___national • Politicians must improve ____relations (betweennations) • ____ national • Theclearestexamplesof ___ businesscanbefoundinthe EU

  19. Make a new word bycombining it with a prefix or a suffix • ___ constitutional • Thisprovision is clearly ____(notinconformitywiththeconstitution) • ___ legitimate • This is a clear exampleof ___ use ofpublicproperty (notallowedbylaw)

  20. Completethe table usingthewordsfromthetext

  21. Modal auxiliaries • “Allshallbeequalbeforethelaw” • Explainthe use of “shall”: whatdoes it express?

  22. Explainthemeaningofshall, mayandmightinthefollowingsentences: • “Court hearingsshallbeopen to thepublicandjudgmentsshallbepronouncedpublicly” • “Thepublicmaybebarredfrom a hearing or partof it for reasonsnecessaryin a democraticsociety”

  23. central, regulate, rules, state • Theconstitutionestablishes ___ andpracticesthatdeterminethecompositionofthe ___andlocalgovernmentin a __and ___ therelationshipbetweentheindividualandthe state

  24. amended, procedure, written • Most stateshave a ___constitution, one ofthefundamentalprovisionsofwhich is that it canitselfbe ___onlyinaccordancewith a special___.

  25. constitutional, rules, statutes, subsequent, unwritten • Theconstitutionofthe UK is largely___. It consistspartlyof ___, for theamendmentofwhichby ___statutes no special procedure ___ (require, passive) but alsoofcommonlaw ___ and ___conventions.

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