关系代词

1. who (在从句中作主语) whom (在从句中作宾语) whose (+n.) (可修饰人或物) that which that Relative pronoun 关系代词 指人 指物 www.k12.ambow.net

2. Grammar 1. who指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略） The man who I talked with is our teacher. A person who steals things is called a thief. 2. whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略, 如介词提前则不能省) The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li. The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.

3. the handsome the tall the strong the clever the naughty boy The boy is Jim. The boy who is handsome is Jim. The boywho is tall is Jim. The boywho is strong is Jim The boywho is clever is Jim The boywho is naughty is Jim. Examples

4.  The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling. The boy who is smiling is Tom. (主语)  The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face. The boywho has a round face is Tom.  The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me. The man who sits in front of me is Tom. Examples

5.  The man is kind. Everyone likes him. The man (who) everyone likes is kind. (宾语)  The woman got the job. We saw her on the street. The woman (whom) we saw on the street got the job.  The teacher will give us a talk. We met the teacher yesterday. The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk. Examples

6.  The boy is in the lab. You want to talk to him. The boy (whom) you want to talk to is in the lab. The boy to whom you want to talk is in the lab.  This is the boy. I sit behind him. This is the boy (whom) I sit behind. This is the boy behind whom I sit. Examples

7.  The lady stepped on his foot. He was dancing with the lady. The lady (whom) he was dancing with stepped on his foot.  Do you know the man? You will visit him today. Do you know the man whom you will visit today? Examples

8. Grammar 3. which 指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略, 如介词提前则不能省) These are the trees which were planted last year. This recorder （which）he is using is made in Japan. Is this the library (which) you borrow books from? Is this the library from which you borrow books?

9. the red the green the small the big apple The apple which is red is mine. The apple which is green is yours. The apple which is red is small The apple which is green is big. Examples

10.  Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat. The goat is eating her flowers. Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat which is eating her flowers.  Can you lend me the book? You talked about it last night. Can you lend me the book (which) you talked about last night. Can you lend me the book about which you talked last night? Examples

11. Do you find the pen? I wrote with it just now. Do you find the pen (which) I wrote with just now? Do you find the pen with which I wrote just now? Examples

12. Grammar 4. that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略） A plane is a machine. It can fly. A plane is a machine that can fly. He is the man. I told you about him. He is the man (that) I told you about.

13.  that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。 (1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。 I am sure she has something(that)you can borrow. (2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等 修饰时。 I’ve read all the books that are not mine. (3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。 This is the first book (that) he has read. (4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。 This is the very book that belongs to him.

14.  that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。 • (5) 先行词是who或who引导的主句。Who is the girlthat drove the car? Who that broke the window will be punished. • (6) 主句以There be 引导时There are 200 people that didn’t know the thing. • (7) 当先行词在定语从句中作be表语時，关系代词用that. She isn’t the girlthat she was 10 years ago. • (8)当先行词是which时，关系代词用that. • Which is the book that you bought last week?

15.  that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下,一般用which而不用that。 • (1) 关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语（介词提前） Those are many trees underwhich they can have a rest. • (2) 在非限制性定语从句中 Football,which is a very popular game, is played all over the world.

16. 转换成定语从句： (1) The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday. The scientist Ø we met yesterday is very famous who in the world. whom that (2) The dress is new. She is wearing it. The dress that she is wearing is new. which Ø

17. (3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him. He is the kind person that I have ever worked with. who whom Ø (4) This is the best film. I have ever seen this film. This is the best film that I have ever seen. Ø

18. Grammar 5.whose在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词 与 whose后的名词为所属关系。whose 多指人，也可指物，指物时可与 of which 互换使用。 This is the book whose cover is blue. This is the book of which the cover is blue.

19. Do you know the girl? Her hair is very short in our class. He is the student. I broke his pencil yesterday. Do you know the girl whose hair is very short in our class? He is the student whose pencil I broke yesterday. Examples

20. Mr King, whose legs were badly hurt, was quickly taken to hospital. We shall make a decision about Ms King, whose story I have told you. Mr King was quickly taken to hospital. Her legs were badly hurt. Her We shall make a decision about Ms King. I have told you her story. her Examples

21. This teacher is liked by all the students. I work with her son. The chair is being repaired now. The legs of the chair are broken. This teacher, with whose son I work, is liked by all the students. The chair whose legs are broken is being repaired now. The chair, the legs of which are broken, is being repaired now. Examples

22. The boss of the company, whose name was Mr Little, told the story about Ms King. The boss in whose department Mr King worked had heard about the accident. The boss of the company told the story about… . His name was Mr Little. His The boss had heard about the accident. Mr King worked in his department. his Examples

23. 一、用关系代词填空 who/that • The girl ______ is sitting there is a good singer. • This is the policeman ________ we usually hear of. • He is a man ________ looks important. • The colour TV set _______ I bought three years ago is very good now. • He is the first student ______ came to school this morning. • These are New Year cards ________ I’ve just received. whom/who/that who/that which/that that which/that Exercises

24. 二、用关系代词和连词，组合下边的句子。 Li Hua is a student. She is a girl. She is 16. Her dad is a teacher. Her mother is a teacher,too. She is our monitor. She is very strict with us. This makes us angry. We all like her. Exercises

25. Li Hua, a girl student of 16, whose parents are both teachers , is our monitor. She is very strict with us, which makes us angry, but we all like her. Exercise

26. Zhang Manyu is a Chinese. She is an actress. She is famous. She is from HongKong. She acted many films. HERO is one of the films. Zhang Manyu , who is a famous Chinese actress from HongKong, acted many films, one of which is HERO. Exercises

27. The End Thank you!