Muscular System

1. Muscular System

2. Functions of the Muscular System

3. Functions of the Muscular System • Holds the body upright

4. Functions of the Muscular System • Holds the body upright • Make movement possible

5. Functions of the Muscular System • Holds the body upright • Make movement possible • Generates 85% of body heat

6. Functions of the Muscular System • Holds the body upright • Make movement possible • Generates 85% of body heat • Moves food, blood and fluids through the body

7. 3 Types of Muscle

8. 3 Types of Muscle • Smooth Muscle-lines organs, digestive tract, respiratory tract-involuntary

9. 3 Types of Muscle • Smooth Muscle • Cardiac Muscle-heart muscle-involuntary

10. 3 Types of Muscle • Smooth Muscle • Cardiac Muscle • Skeletal Muscle- voluntary

11. Antagonistic relationship • What is the definition of antagonistic?

12. Antagonistic relationship • Skeletal muscles work in pairs.

13. Antagonistic relationship • Skeletal muscles work in pairs. • The pairs work in opposition to each other.

14. Example: biceps and triceps • When one muscle contracts the other relaxes

15. There are over 600 skeletal muscles in the human body, they all have a name.

16. There are over 600 skeletal muscles in the human body, they all have a name. • There are 7 ways muscles are named

17. 7 ways Muscles are named • 1. Origin and Insertion- where the muscle begins and end. Example- sternocleidomastoid

18. 7 ways Muscles are named • 1. Origin and Insertion- where the muscle begins and end. Example- sternocleidomastoid • 2. Action- what the muscle does. Example- flexor Carpi

19. 7 ways Muscles are named • 1. Origin and Insertion- where the muscle begins and end. Example- sternocleidomastoid • 2. Action- what the muscle does. Example- flexor Carpi • 3. Location- Example- pectoralis major, when there is a major muscle there is always a minor, pectoralis minor

20. 7 ways Muscles are named • 4. Fiber Direction- example: obliques

21. 7 ways Muscles are named • 4. Fiber Direction- example: obliques • 5. Number of divisions- example: biceps, triceps

22. 7 ways Muscles are named • 4. Fiber Direction- example: obliques • 5. Number of divisions- example: biceps, triceps • 6. Size- example: Gluteus Maximus. When there is a maximus there is always medius and minimus

23. 7 ways Muscles are named • 4. Fiber Direction- example: obliques • 5. Number of divisions- example: biceps, triceps • 6. Size- example: Gluteus Maximus. When there is a maximus there is always medius and minimus • 7. Shape- Example: deltoid

24. Range of Motion • Each joint and the muscles that move the joint have a specific range they can move.

25. ROM’s • Flexion- bending a joint • Extension- straightening a joint • example: elbows and knees

26. ROM’s • Flexion and extension- example: elbows and knees • Abduction-moving a body part away from the body • Adduction-moving a body part toward the body • example: moving the legs or arms outward or inward

27. ROM’s • Flexion and extension- example: elbows and knees • Abduction and adduction-example: moving the legs or arms outward or inward • Pronation- turning the palms down. • Supination-turning the palms upward. • Example: turning the palms of the hand up or down

28. ROM’s • Flexion and extension- example: elbows and knees • Abduction and adduction-example: moving the legs or arms outward or inward • Pronation and supination-example: turning the palms of the hand up or down • Rotation-movement around the axis of the joint.

29. Flexion and extension- example: elbows and knees • Abduction and adduction-example: moving the legs or arms outward or inward • Pronation and supination-example: turning the palms of the hand up or down • Rotation-movement around the axis of the joint. • Circumduction- movement at the end of the rotating body part