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Findings from the National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2)

Four Years Out: Differences in Postschool Experiences of Youth With Disabilities Who Did and Did Not Complete High School. Findings from the National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Mary Wagner, Ph.D. SRI International

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Findings from the National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2)

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  1. Four Years Out: Differences in Postschool Experiences of Youth With DisabilitiesWho Did and Did Not Complete High School Findings from the National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Mary Wagner, Ph.D.SRI International Secondary Transition State Planning Institute: Building for the Future Charlotte, North Carolina May 7-9, 2008

  2. NLTS2 Overview NLTS2 has been funded with federal funds from the U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Special Education Research, under contract number ED-01-CO-0003. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the view or policies of the U.S. Department of Education, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. government.

  3. Data Sources Parent telephone interviews Youth telephone interviews/survey NLTS2 Wave 3, 2005 Responses for youth who have been out of high school up to 4 years (n= approximately 2,390) Ages 17 through 21

  4. Today’s Agenda Review outcomes of youth with disabilities out of high school up to 4 years regarding: • High school completion • GED/high school equivalence • Postsecondary education • Employment • Community participation • Youth risk behaviors • Living arrangements and family formation Identify variations in outcomes associated with school-completion status

  5. High School Completion by Youth with Disabilities Did not complete high school 20% Completed high school 80% NOTE: High school completers are those who received a high school diploma or certificate of completion. Noncompleters are those who left high school without a diploma or certificate of completion, including 19 percent who were reported to have dropped out and 1 percent who were reported to have left for other reasons (e.g., permanent expulsion). Sources: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Special Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent interviews and youth interviews/survey, 2005.

  6. School Completion Rate, by Disability Category Sources: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Special Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent interviews and youth interviews/survey, 2005.

  7. High School Equivalency Diploma or Certificate Programs

  8. Participation in High School Equivalency Diploma or Certificate Programs byYouth With Disabilities Who LeftHigh School Without Finishing Sources: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Special Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent interviews and youth interviews/survey, 2005.

  9. High School Equivalency Diploma or Certificate Program Enrollment by Noncompleters, by Disability Category Sources: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Special Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent interviews and youth interviews/survey, 2005.

  10. Postsecondary Education

  11. Enrollment in Postsecondary Education Since Leaving High School *** *** p = <.001 comparing youth with disabilities in 2005 and those in the general population in 2001. Sources: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Special Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent interviews and youth interviews/survey, 2005; National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY), 2001, youth survey, responses for youth ages 17-21.

  12. Postsecondary Education Enrollment by Youth With Disabilities and in the General Populationat the Time of Interview *** *** *** p = <.001comparing youth with disabilities and those in the general population. Sources: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Special Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent interviews and youth interviews/survey, 2005; National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY), 2001, youth survey, responses for youth ages 17-21.

  13. Postsecondary School Enrollment Since Leaving High School of Youth with Disabilities, by High School Leaving Status *** *** *** ***p < .001comparing high school completers and noncompleters. Sources: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Special Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent interviews and youth interviews/survey, 2005.

  14. Postsecondary School Enrollment Since Leaving High School, by Disability Category Sources: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Special Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent interviews and youth interviews/survey, 2005.

  15. Full-Time Attendance at Postsecondary Schools by Youth With Disabilities, by School-Completion Status * Percent *p < .001comparing high school completers and noncompleters. Note: Refers to current or most recent emrollment in postsecondary school. Sources: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Special Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent interviews and youth interviews/survey, 2005.

  16. Primary Focus of Courses at 2-Year Colleges by Youth With Disabilities, by School-Completion Status Note: Refers to current or most recent enrollment in postsecondary school. Sources: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Special Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent interviews and youth interviews/survey, 2005.

  17. Disclosure of Disability by Youth With Disabilities in Postsecondary School, by School-Completion Status Note: Refers to current or most recent enrollment in postsecondary school. Sources: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Special Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent interviews and youth interviews/survey, 2005.

  18. Employment

  19. Employment of Youth With Disabilities and Youth in the General Population U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Special Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent interviews and youth interviews/survey, 2005; National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY), 2001, youth survey, responses for youth ages 17-21.

  20. Employment of Youth With Disabilities, by School Completion Status U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Special Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent interviews and youth interviews/survey, 2005.

  21. Employment Since High School of Youth Out of High School 1 to 4 Years, by Disability Category U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Special Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent interviews and youth interviews/survey, 2005.

  22. Hours Worked by Youth With Disabilities Out of High School 1 to 4 Years, by School-Completion Status Hours per week Note: Refers to current or most recent job. U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Special Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent interviews and youth interviews/survey, 2005.

  23. Wages of Youth With Disabilities Out of High School 1 to 4 Years, by School-Completion Status Percentage of youth earning hourly wage of: Percent Note: Refers to current or most recent job. U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Special Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent interviews and youth interviews/survey, 2005.

  24. Job Accommodations for Youth With Disabilities Out of High School 1 to 4 Years, by School-Completion Status Percentage of youth who report: Percent Note: Refers to current or most recent job. U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Special Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent interviews and youth interviews/survey, 2005.

  25. Youth with Disabilities Ever Fired from a Job, by School-Completion Status Percent U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Special Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent interviews and youth interviews/survey, 2005.

  26. Engagement in Employment, Postsecondary Education, and Job Training

  27. Engagement of Youth With Disabilities in Employment or Postsecondary Education Since Leaving High School, by School-Completion Status * *p < .05 comparing high school completers and noncompleters. U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Special Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent interviews and youth interviews/survey, 2005.

  28. Engagement of Youth With Disabilities in Employment or Postsecondary Education Since Leaving High School, by Disability Category Source: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2), Wave 3 parent interview and youth interview/survey, 2005.

  29. Positive and Negative Community Participation

  30. Community Participation of Youth with Disabilities, by School-Completion Status In the past 12 months: *** * ** Youth is: *** *p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001comparing high school completers and noncompleters. Source: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2), Wave 3 parent interview and youth interview/survey, 2005.

  31. Participation in Community-Based Organized Group Activities in the Past 12 Months, by Disability Category Source: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2), Wave 3 parent interview and youth interview/survey, 2005.

  32. Criminal Justice System Involvement of Youth with Disabilities, by School-Completion Status Youth has ever: *** *** *** ** **p < .01, ***p < .001comparing high school completers and noncompleters. Source: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2), Wave 3 parent interview and youth interview/survey, 2005.

  33. Youth Ever Arrested, by Disability Category Source: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2), Wave 3 parent interview and youth interview/survey, 2005.

  34. Youth Risk Behaviors

  35. Smoking Behavior of Youth with Disabilities, by School-Completion Status In the past 30 days reported smoking: ** ** Percent **p < .01 comparing high school completers and noncompleters. Source: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2), Wave 3 youth interview/survey, 2005.

  36. Alcohol Consumption by Youth with Disabilities, by School-Completion Status In the past 30 days reported having at least one drink of alcohol: Source: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2), Wave 3 youth interview/survey, 2005.

  37. Drug Use by Youth with Disabilities, by School-Completion Status In the past 30 days reported using: * *p < 05comparing high school completers and noncompleters. Source: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2), Wave 3 youth interview/survey, 2005.

  38. Sexual Activities of Youth with Disabilities, by School-Completion Status * * * *p < .05 comparing high school completers and noncompleters. Source: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2), Wave 3 youth interview/survey, 2005.

  39. Violence-Related Activities of Youth with Disabilities, by School-Completion Status Source: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2), Wave 3 youth interview/survey, 2005.

  40. Youth Who Drank Alcohol in the Past 30 Days, by Disability Category Note: There were too few youth with deaf-blindness to report separately. Source: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2), Wave 3 youth interview/survey, 2005.

  41. Living Arrangements and Family Formation

  42. Youth with Disabilities Have Ever Lived Independently Since High School, by School-Completion Status Percent Note: Independently includes living alone or with a spouse or room mate. Source: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2), Wave 3 parent interview and youth interview/survey, 2005.

  43. Has Ever Lived Independently Since High School, by Disability Category Note: Independently includes living alone or with a spouse or roommate. Source: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2), Wave 3 parent interview and youth interview/survey, 2005.

  44. Marital Status and Family Formation of Youth with Disabilities, by School-Completion Status * Percent *p < 05 comparing high school completers and noncompleters. Source: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2), Wave 3 parent interview and youth interview/survey, 2005.

  45. Has Ever Had or Fathered a Child, by Disability Category Note: There were too few youth with deaf-blindness to report separately. Source: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Research, National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2), Wave 3 parent interview and youth interview/survey, 2005.

  46. For more information: Full Reports Fact Sheets & Data Briefs Executive Summaries Data Tables www.nlts2.org

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