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Shaping Your Future

Shaping Your Future. Topics. History & Names HFC phase-out Properties of R-410A Chemistry Temp./ Pressure chart. Safety Rules & Regulations Oils Tools Charging Recommendations.

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Shaping Your Future

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  1. Shaping Your Future

  2. Topics • History & Names • HFC phase-out • Properties of R-410A • Chemistry • Temp./ Pressure chart • Safety • Rules & Regulations • Oils • Tools • Charging • Recommendations

  3. AlliedSignalacquired and merged with Honeywell for $15 billion in 1999, after which the new group adopted its more recognized name Honeywell.

  4. Puron • Genetron AZ-20is Honeywell's original name forR-410A, a Honeywell invention that entered the scene in a test market in 1993 as a chlorine-free R-22replacement. • With its energy efficiency and none-ozone depletion advantages over R-22, R-410Aisnow the leading replacement for R-22in new residential air conditioners.

  5. Trademark Names • Carrier calls it Puron • Dupont calls it Suva 9100 • Rheem calls it ProZone • Lennox calls it Environ • Sanyo calls it Cooleron

  6. R-22 Phase Out Is Near • R-22will disappear from the new equipment marketplace by year 2010. • Manufacturers have already begun to phase out their R-22equipment offerings. • R-410Ais the refrigerant of choice to replace R-22.

  7. R-22 Phase Out Is Near • Final phase-out remains year 2020. • Previously mandated reductions were 65%of 1989 production levels by 2010. • Revised reductions are 75%by 2010. • China, India & Mexico will move up their R-22equipment phase-out by 10 years. • Source: The News; Oct. 2007

  8. R-22 Phase Out Is Near

  9. R-22 Phase Out Is Near

  10. R-22 Phase Out Is Near • January 1, 2010: • After 2010, chemical manufacturers may still produce R-22 to service existing equipment, but not for use in new equipment. As a result, heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) system manufacturers will only be able to use pre-existing supplies of R-22 to produce new air conditioners and heat pumps. These existing supplies would include R-22 recovered from existing equipment and recycled.

  11. R-22 Phase Out Is Near • January 1, 2015: • Ban on introduction into interstate commerce or use of HCFCs except where the HCFCs are used as a refrigerant in appliances manufactured prior to January 1, 2020. • Ban on production or import of HCFCs except where the HCFCs are used as a refrigerant in appliances manufactured prior to January 1, 2020.

  12. R-22 Phase Out Is Near • January 1, 2020: • Ban on remaining production and import of HCFC- 22 and HCFC-142b. • January 1, 2030: • Ban on remaining production and import of all other HCFCs.

  13. HCFC Phase out For an impartial, third party discussion of the phase-out of HCFCs like R-22, you and your customers can go to the website of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) at: www.epa.gov/ozone

  14. Why is R-410A so desirable? Operates in the same temperature ranges as R-22. The cooling equipment can share the same basic design as traditional equipment.

  15. 227+14.7 =241.7 PSIA 69+14.7=84.7 PSIA Absolute Discharge Pressure Absolute Suction Pressure COMPRESSION RATIO R22 @ Compressor Suction @ Compressor Discharge Saturation Temperature (F) Actual Gas Temperature Superheat (F) Pressure (PSIA) Pressure (PSIG) 41 51 10 83.7 69.0 113 177 64 241.7 227.0 249.7 PSIA  84.7 PSIA = 2.95

  16. 365+14.7 =379.7 PSIA 119+14.7=133.7 PSIA Absolute Discharge Pressure Absolute Suction Pressure COMPRESSION RATIO Puron @ Compressor Suction @ Compressor Discharge Saturation Temperature (F) Actual Gas Temperature Superheat (F) Pressure (PSIA) Pressure (PSIG) 41 51 10 133.7 119.0 113 177 64 379.7 365.0 379.7 PSIA  133.7 PSIA = 2.84

  17. R-410A • 25 lb Cylinder color: rose (pink). • 30 lb R-22 comes in a greencylinder. • Never mix these refrigerants together.

  18. Characteristics of R-410A • Operates at pressures about 20-50% higher than R-22. • Used with POE oil. • Cannot be retrofitted into older equipment !!!

  19. Filter Drier • Factory supplied, Field installed at Indoor Evaporator Coil • Use ONLY factory approved filter drier • Only way to remove moisture from POE oil is with filter drier

  20. Standard Puron WeatherMaker Features & Benefits • Feature • Filter drier shipped with each unit (field installed) • Consumer Benefit • Compressor Protection • Reliable Performance

  21. Now Located at the Indoor Coil

  22. R410a Heat Pumps • 600 Lb burst pressure • Heavy duty reversing valve

  23. ACCUMULATORS NEW ACCUMULATORS HAVE BEEN DESIGNED. USE EXACT REPLACEMENT ACCUMULATORS - CAN NOT BE MIS-MATCHED. DO NOT USE ANY OTHER ACCUMULATORS AS A REPLACEMENT.

  24. Compressors The internal pressure relief valves inside the compressor opens at a pressure between 550 & 625 psig on compressors designed for R-410A service. Compressors designed for R-22 service have internal pressure relief valve settings that open between 375 & 450 psig. So only compressors rated to work with R-22 should be used with R-22 and those rated for use with R-410A used with R-410A.

  25. R410a Compressor • Consumer Benefit • Reliable Performance • Lowest failure rate • Durability • Quiet

  26. R410a Heat Pump Muffler

  27. Pressure Control Settings Because of the higher operating pressures, the high & low-pressure control settings must be higher than those encountered on R-22 systems. The recommended high-pressure control settings are a cut-out pressure of 610 psig and a cut-in pressure of approximately 500 psig. The recommended low-pressure control setting is a cut-out pressure of 50 psig. Make sure the pressure control you are using on a 410A system has the correct pressure range allowing it to be adjusted for the correct pressures.

  28. Terms When two blended refrigerants separate easily, they are called Zeotropic. When blended refrigerants don’t segregate in the system, but form a stable chemical composition they are called Azeotropic.

  29. Puron™ R-410A (AZ-20) • NOT TO BE USED AS A DROP IN FOR R-22 • MIXTURE OF HFC-32 AND HFC-125 • 50/50 WEIGHT PERCENT • Near-azeotropic properties • ENVIRONMENTALLY ACCEPTABLE • ZERO OZONE DEPLETION POTENTIAL (0 ODP) • LOW GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIAL • SAFE • LOW TOXICITY LEVEL- A1 (SAME AS R-22) • NON-FLAMMABLE -A1(UL CLASSIFIED)

  30. Concerns with Blends Fractionation Temperature glide

  31. Fractionation The tendency of one or more components of a blend to leak at a faster rate than other components. Changes the composition of the remaining blend still in system. Loss of performance results. Occurs in zeotropic blends like R-407C.

  32. What is Temperature Glide? Difference in two temperatures at a given constant pressure. For example . . .

  33. In the evaporator . . . The 1st temperature at which liquid refrigerant first begins to boil is known as the saturated liquid temperature.

  34. The 2nd Temperature Saturated vapor temperature: The 2nd temperature at which the last drop of liquid refrigerant has boiled off.

  35. Temperature Glide At a constant pressure, the difference between the saturated vapor temperature and the saturated liquid temperature is referred to as the temperature glide of the refrigerant. The temperature glide of a single compound refrigerant like R-22is zero.

  36. R-410A Temperature Glide The temperature glide of R-410Ais 0.2°F or essentially zero as well.

  37. Key Attribute of R-410A Near-Azeotropicproperties means it acts like a single compound with minimal temperature glide or fractionation potential.

  38. Tech Tip You never want to see a suction pressure below 100 psi with R-410Aairconditioning systems. Why? At 100 psi, the evaporator will begin to frost over. (31.4 degrees)

  39. Don’t vent R-410A ! Tech Tip R-410Ais covered by the same rules of the Clean Air Act as all other refrigerants. Just because it doesn’t deplete the ozone layer, doesn’t mean you can release it.

  40. Safety Tech Tip Most of the safety precautions are the same for R-410AasR-22. For example, never expose cylinders of either refrigerant to temperatures above 125° F. Use the same storage rules for both.

  41. Safety Tech Tip R-410Ahas been confirmed to be in the low toxicity range. ASHRAE Safety Group: A1/A1. UL Class: Practically Non-flammable. (Can form a combustible mixture with air at pressures above atmospheric pressure). DOT Green Label: Non-flammable.

  42. Safety Tech Tip • Skin or Eye Contact: • Same as other refrigerants; causes frostbite. • Flush with lukewarm water. • Seek immediate medical attention.

  43. Safety Tech Tip • Avoid exposing it to high temperatures. • Watch your torch! • Exposure to flame can produce toxic compounds. • Contact with red hot metals can result in explosive reactions.

  44. Safety Tech Tip • Inhalation: • Same as other refrigerants. • Attacks central nervous system. • Causes dizziness & then unconsciousness. • Slurred speech; loss of muscle coordination. • Can cause cardiac irregularities & ultimately, death. • Get to fresh air & seek immediate medical attention.

  45. Oils Tech Tip • R-22uses alkylbenzene oil. • R-410Auses polyol ester (POE) oil. • Oils must be miscible with refrigerant. • miscible = able to mix together. • Oils must be matched with the proper refrigerant.

  46. Oil Characteristics Tech Tip • Great lubricant. • But ! • It’s “hygroscopic”: strong attraction to moisture. • Will absorb water vapor right into the oil.

  47. Tech Tip Filter-drier helps prevent moisture from mixing with oil Keep line sets sealed until ready to attach to system

  48. R410A Liquid Line Filter Drier Tech Tip Currently the only approved liquid line filter driers containing 100% XH-11 desiccant for R-32 containing refrigerants (which is a component of R-410A). Liquid line filter driers containing XH- 6 desiccant and/or activated alumina are unacceptable. XH-6 desiccant and/or activated alumina can generate residues responsible for fouling expansion devices and damaging seals. Filter-drier helps prevent moisture from mixing with oil Keep line sets sealed until ready to attach to system

  49. Oil Characteristics Tech Tip Filter-drier helps prevent moisture from mixing with oil Keep line sets sealed until ready to attach to system

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