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Tip #1: Make sure you have a strong thesis statement with specific areas of analysis

Tip #1: Make sure you have a strong thesis statement with specific areas of analysis. Sample Thesis Statements:

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Tip #1: Make sure you have a strong thesis statement with specific areas of analysis

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  1. Tip #1: Make sure you have a strong thesis statement with specific areas of analysis • Sample Thesis Statements: • “Medieval developments such as the rise of towns with a new middle class, the emergence of universities in conjunction with scholasticism and troubadour poetry led to the emergence of the Italian Renaissance” • “The emergence of long-distance trade with the resultant rise in towns, combined with the creation of universities, vernacular literature and architecture during the High Middle Ages brought about an increase in wealth and social openness that gave rise to the Renaissance.”

  2. Tip #2: Once you have your thesis, take a few minutes to outline how you are going to organize your body paragraphs to support you thesis statement. • “Medieval developments such as the rise of towns with a new middle class, the emergence of universities in conjunction with scholasticism and troubadour poetry led to the emergence of the Italian Renaissance” • Body Paragraph #1: Rise of towns/middle class • Notes on how and why this development occurred • Notes on how it led to the emergence of the Italian Renaissance • Body Paragraph #2: Universities and Scholasticism • Notes on how and why this development occurred • Notes on how it led to the emergence of the Italian Renaissance • Body Paragraph #3: Troubadour Poetry • Notes on how and why this development occurred • Notes on how it led to the emergence of the Italian Renaissance

  3. Tip #3: Make sure to answer and devote equal space to all parts of the question • Essay Possibility #2: “What unique political and economic circumstances led to the emergence of a new philosophical movement in Northern Italy in the mid-14th century. • Write in detail about the political and economic circumstances (example: emergence of long-distance trade) • Write in detail about the new philosophical ideas that came out of these political and economic conditions (example: rise of a more secular, less religious society)

  4. Tip #4: The devil is in the details • Essay Possibility #3: The Renaissance sparked a series of social changes and new attitudes about certain social groups and/or classes of people. Choose three of these groups or classes and discuss the changes fully. • Princes and monarchs  How did the views of Machiavelli change the way they governed? How did their behavior reflect Renaissance values?

  5. Tip #4: The devil is in the details • Essay Possibility #5: How did the art (painting, sculpture) of the Italian Renaissance differ from the art of the Medieval period? How did this artistic change reflect the overall philosophies of the two periods? • You should discuss specific examples of Renaissance works of art in this essay. • Example: The Virgin and Child with Saint Anne (Da Vinci)  How is it a different portrayal of Jesus and Mary then what we would have seen during the Middle Ages? How does it reflect the values of the Renaissance (humanism)?

  6. Tip #5: The order of your paragraphs matters • How could the order of these body paragraphs be improved: • Emergence of towns and wealthy Italian city-states • Rise of secularism in these towns and cities. • Decline of manorialism

  7. Aim: How did the monarchs of France expand their power during the Renaissance? October 9, 2012

  8. Goals of Renaissance Monarchs in England, France and Spain (1400s- early 1500s) • Achieve greater centralization after the instability of the Hundred Year’s War (unify territories, reduce violence, secure borders, raise revenue, bring nobles under control) • Be ruthless to achieve the goals on centralization!

  9. France (Valois Dynasty) • Charles VII (1422-1461) • Creates the first permanent royal army. • How does this help him achieve the goals of centralization? • How is he going to pay for it? • Establishes a royal council to help him run the government. • He appoints middle class lawyers and bankers to serve on it. Why? • Issues the Pragmatic Sanction • Right of the French king to lay investiture • Instant source of revenue and power

  10. France (Valois Dynasty) • Louis XI (“Spider King”) (1461-1483) • Promoted economic and trading activities. Allows him to raise taxes  increase the army. • Invades and conquers Burgundy (1477) • Acquires Anjou, Maine, and Provence through negotiation.

  11. France (Valois Dynasty) • Louis XII (1498-1515) / Francis I (1515-1547) • Louis marries Anne of Brittany, adding Brittany to the state. • Francis I reaches the Concordat of Bologna (1516) with Pope Leo X. • Pope approves of the French king having the right to lay investiture, as long as the Pope receives the first year’s income from new bishops and abbots.

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