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Animals

Learn about the classification of animals and their behaviors, including survival strategies, seasonal behavior, and social interactions. Explore the diverse world of animals and how they communicate and live together.

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Animals

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  1. Animals Chapter 1 Section 1

  2. Classification • Kingdom • Phylum • Class • Order • Family • Genus • Species

  3. Chimps Kingdom - Animalia Phylum - Chordata Class - Mammalia Order - Primatia Family - Hominidae Genus - Pan Species - Troglodytes Human Kingdom - Animalia Phylum - Chordata Class - Mammalia Order - Primatia Family - Hominidae Genus - Homo Species - Sapien Chimps versus Human

  4. Elephants Kingdom - Animalia Phylum - Chordata Class - Mammalia Order - Proboscidea Family - Elephantidae Genus - Elephas Species - Maximus Humans Kindom - Animalia Phylum - Chordata Class - Mammalia Order - Primatia Family - Hominidae Genus -Homo Species - Sapien Elephants versus Humans

  5. Harvester Ants Kingdom - Animalia Phylum - Arthropoda Class - Insecta Order - Hymenoptera Family - Formicidae Genus – Pogonomyrmex Species - Badius Humans Kindom - Animalia Phylum - Chordata Class - Mammalia Order - Primatia Family - Hominidae Genus -Homo Species - Sapien Harvester Ants versus Humans

  6. The Animal Kingdom • Over 1 million species

  7. Two Major Categories of Animals • Vertebrates - have a backbone - includes fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals - less than 5% of all known animals are vertebrates • Invertebrates - no backbones - includes bugs, sponges, worms, mollusks, and many more http://www.brainpop.com/science/livingsystems/vertebrates/ http://www.brainpop.com/science/livingsystems/invertebrates/

  8. Characteristics of Animals • Multicellular • No cell walls • Usually sexual reproduction • Develop from embryos • Specialized parts – tissue, organs etc.

  9. Animals Chapter 1 section 2

  10. Animal Behavior • Survival • Seasonal

  11. Survival - Defense • Animals co-evolve as a response to one another • Some animals have horns, some have chemicals, some are poisonous • Warning coloration – colors of animals can warn of poisons or give the appearance of poison – reds, yellows, oranges, black, white • Camouflage – blending into the background • Puffing up – animals will make themselves appear bigger ex. Scared cat

  12. Survival – Necessities • Animals use tools – ex- birds can open ostrich eggs with rocks, apes use sticks to get food etc. • Animals build shelters – ex. Rodents, birds etc.

  13. Nature versus Nurture • Innate Behavior (nature) – genetic predisposition to certain types of behavior ex. Puppies chew, worms burrow. These are behaviors that do not need to be taught. • Learned Behavior (nurture) – behavior that has been learned through experience or from watching other animals

  14. Nature or Nurture?

  15. Nature or Nurture? Eagle Mother and Babies

  16. Seasonal Behavior • Migration – for food, mating, warmth- use landmarks and earth’s magnetic field to navigate • Hibernation- inactivity where organism will slow heart rate, decrease body temperature, slow breathing rate to the extreme. Do not wake for weeks. Ex- mice, squirrels • Winter sleep- similar to hibernation but not as extreme Ex- bears • Estivation – internal slowdown during hot months when resources get scarce ex- desert rodents

  17. Rhythms • Biological clocks – internal control of natural cycles. Can happen daily or over a lifetime. • Circadian Rhythms – daily biological clocks ex – nocturnal versus diurnal

  18. Animals - Living Together Chapter 1 section 3

  19. Social Behavior • Interaction of animals between the same species • Requires communication

  20. Communication • A signal must travel from one organism to another and the receiver must respond • Animals communicate to defend territory, courtship, warn of trouble and friendship

  21. How Do Animals Communicate? • Verbal • Smell – Pheromones:chemicals are released to warn of trouble, for mating purposes, recognition • Body language • Touch

  22. Living in a Group-Good and Bad • Good • Safer – they can defend one another • Cooperation – they can help one another find food, shelter etc • Bad • Attract predators • More competition

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