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JAPAN- The little giant of Asia

JAPAN- The little giant of Asia. Total population - 132 million Crude ( arithmetic ) density 844 psm % of land habitable 28 %.72% mountainous 13% arable Physiologic density 6,600 psm. TOKYO ( EDO ). JAPAN. Climate compares to the East Coast of the U.S. Compares to California in size

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JAPAN- The little giant of Asia

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  1. JAPAN- The little giant of Asia • Total population - 132 million • Crude ( arithmetic ) density 844 psm • % of land habitable 28 %.72% mountainous • 13% arable • Physiologic density 6,600 psm

  2. TOKYO ( EDO )

  3. JAPAN • Climate compares to the East Coast of the U.S. • Compares to California in size • Pop. 33 million • 28% Arable

  4. Historical Stuff • Pre-1868 Basically a feudal system dominated by Dynastic Shogunates (Shogun ) • The Shogun had his warriors called “Samurai “ • Diamyo the lesser nobles given land by the Shogun. • The Shogun controlled Political, economic and military affairs • There was an emperor but he was always a spiritual leader linked to the gods(divinity) • The last Shogunate Dynasty was the Tokugawa which ruled for 250 years ending in 1867

  5. Tokugawa • 1600-family ended the feudalism of Japan to establish Shogunates • Shoguns-military leader • Tokugawa capital-Edo(Tokyo) • “Alternative Attendance” in Edo-250 lords were allowed their own “domains.” Each was required to spend every other year in Edo-living and spending relative to the size of their domain. When the “lords” left, they had to leave behind their wives and eldest son as hostages. This discouraged revolts.

  6. Tokugawa cont. • Osaka-became the trade/commercial center • Development of a common currency/cash trade • Private postal service-Improved communication • Improved agriculture- Commercial fertilizer(fish and oil cakes) • Successful farmers invest in industries-Today’s Mitsui and Sumitomo multinational corporations began this way. • 1854-Commodore Perry(US) forces Japan to open to trade. By 1860’s Japans traditional economy was disrupted. The leaders (Tokugawa) were blamed and overthrown by Samurai-leading to the Meiji.

  7. The Meiji Restoration 1867-68 • A total society transformation towards urbanization and industrialization • FIRST PHASE: 1868-1890-government helped build shipyards, R.R., other industries (silk major exports)

  8. The Meiji Restoration cont. • From 1900-1945 the Japanese explored areas abroad(usually military) to expand its interests(remember the Spanish American War 1898-US attempts to acquire the Philippines-military) • 1904-Japan continues to move into mainland Asia gaining Mongolia, Manchuria fighting China • 1940-Japan aggressively attempts to gain control of the wealth and resources of eastern pacific • 1941-attacks Pearl Harbor “BAD things man” • 1945-Hiroshima/Nagasaki bombed-Japan surrenders giving up much in the treaty

  9. Japans post WWII success-how did they do it? • Factors against success • Size-small • Arable land 13-15% • Ring Fire catastrophes • Devastation of the war and losses territory from treaty-60+ cities bombed, 2+million killed mostly civilians-Tokyo bombed • Isolation • Homogeneity

  10. Japans post WWII success-how did they do it? cont • Japan’s post WWII Constitution allowed no more then 1% of GNP to be spent on defense • While US and USSR spent huge amounts on their GNP on Cold War military build up(1946-1989) • 1945-1956-Japan invests in heavy industries(auto,steel,shipbuilding) • 1956-Japan surpasses Great Britain as the worlds #1 shipbuilders

  11. Japans post WWII success-how did they do it? cont • 2nd phase:1970’s-1980’s-Consumer electronics-stereo, computers, automobiles big time-small, dependable, fuel efficient • End US involvement in Vietnam • 1974-1978-energy crisis OPEC countries

  12. Buddhism • Zen Buddhism-Japan • From India • Worship of Nature • Founder-Buddha • Siddartha • Born in India • Disagreed with the Caste System • 8 fold path(like 10 commandments)-Basic rules • (discuss extended family)

  13. Shintoism • Original religion of Japan • From the Chinese words Shen(spirit) Tao(way) • Folk religion of nature and ancestor worship • Kami-anything holy or connected to the spirits • Multiple deity(many gods) • No real originator or founder

  14. M.I.T.I • Ministry of International Trade and Industry • Set policy for trade • Focus production • Set wages • No strikes (discuss Japanese management system)

  15. Ziabatsu • Family cartel(monopoly) in business • Labor forces very obedient-until recently companies guaranteed jobs for the life • Papa-mama:2-5,000 sq.ft. • Dumping-selling lower internationally than at home • Eclectic-take someone else’s idea/invention, improve it-produce and sell successfully

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